Update tests to check the image behavior
This splits the current test image script in 2:
- one to (locally) build and test the image
- one to only test the image
This introduces a Makefile to trigger simple test targets intended to be used by the ci.
As an implementation (and gory) detail, this opens a conditional within the python
script to not do anything during the download phase when the base url starts with
test://. While i'm not a fan, it's simple enough to allow this `make test` to work
without too much complication.
Related to T3746
Depends on D7508