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	diff --git a/mypy.ini b/mypy.ini
	index 453537f..624eb85 100644
	--- a/mypy.ini
	+++ b/mypy.ini
	@@ -1,21 +1,24 @@
	[mypy]
	namespace_packages = True
	warn_unused_ignores = True


	# 3rd party libraries without stubs (yet)

	[mypy-confluent_kafka.*]
	ignore_missing_imports = True

	+[mypy-msgpack.*]
	+ignore_missing_imports = True
	+
	[mypy-pkg_resources.*]
	ignore_missing_imports = True

	[mypy-pytest.*]
	ignore_missing_imports = True

	[mypy-systemd.daemon.*]
	ignore_missing_imports = True

	[mypy-tenacity.*]
	ignore_missing_imports = True
	diff --git a/requirements-test.txt b/requirements-test.txt
	index bbd486c..db5bb6e 100644
	--- a/requirements-test.txt
	+++ b/requirements-test.txt
	@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
	pytest
	+pytest-redis
	types-pyyaml
	+types-redis
	diff --git a/requirements.txt b/requirements.txt
	index 1cde173..a9a9521 100644
	--- a/requirements.txt
	+++ b/requirements.txt
	@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
	# Add here external Python modules dependencies, one per line. Module names
	# should match https://pypi.python.org/pypi names. For the full spec or
	# dependency lines, see https://pip.readthedocs.org/en/1.1/requirements.html
	+redis
	diff --git a/swh/objstorage/replayer/cli.py b/swh/objstorage/replayer/cli.py
	index 673a344..bd04c59 100644
	--- a/swh/objstorage/replayer/cli.py
	+++ b/swh/objstorage/replayer/cli.py
	@@ -1,137 +1,142 @@
	# Copyright (C) 2016-2020 The Software Heritage developers
	# See the AUTHORS file at the top-level directory of this distribution
	# License: GNU General Public License version 3, or any later version
	# See top-level LICENSE file for more information

	# WARNING: do not import unnecessary things here to keep cli startup time under
	# control
	import logging

	import click

	try:
	from systemd.daemon import notify
	except ImportError:
	notify = None

	from swh.objstorage.cli import objstorage_cli_group


	@objstorage_cli_group.command("replay")
	@click.option(
	"--stop-after-objects",
	"-n",
	default=None,
	type=int,
	help="Stop after processing this many objects. Default is to run forever.",
	)
	@click.option(
	"--exclude-sha1-file",
	default=None,
	type=click.File("rb"),
	help="File containing a sorted array of hashes to be excluded.",
	)
	@click.option(
	"--check-dst/--no-check-dst",
	default=True,
	help="Check whether the destination contains the object before copying.",
	)
	@click.pass_context
	def content_replay(ctx, stop_after_objects, exclude_sha1_file, check_dst):
	"""Fill a destination Object Storage using a journal stream.

	This is typically used for a mirror configuration, by reading a Journal
	and retrieving objects from an existing source ObjStorage.

	There can be several 'replayers' filling a given ObjStorage as long as they
	use the same ``group-id``. You can use the ``KAFKA_GROUP_INSTANCE_ID``
	environment variable to use KIP-345 static group membership.

	This service retrieves object ids to copy from the 'content' topic. It will
	only copy object's content if the object's description in the kafka
	nmessage has the status:visible set.

	``--exclude-sha1-file`` may be used to exclude some hashes to speed-up the
	replay in case many of the contents are already in the destination
	objstorage. It must contain a concatenation of all (sha1) hashes,
	and it must be sorted.
	This file will not be fully loaded into memory at any given time,
	so it can be arbitrarily large.

	``--check-dst`` sets whether the replayer should check in the destination
	ObjStorage before copying an object. You can turn that off if you know
	you're copying to an empty ObjStorage.
	"""
	import functools
	import mmap

	from swh.journal.client import get_journal_client
	from swh.model.model import SHA1_SIZE
	from swh.objstorage.factory import get_objstorage
	from swh.objstorage.replayer.replay import (
	is_hash_in_bytearray,
	process_replay_objects_content,
	)

	conf = ctx.obj["config"]
	try:
	objstorage_src = get_objstorage(**conf.pop("objstorage"))
	except KeyError:
	ctx.fail("You must have a source objstorage configured in " "your config file.")
	try:
	objstorage_dst = get_objstorage(**conf.pop("objstorage_dst"))
	except KeyError:
	ctx.fail(
	"You must have a destination objstorage configured " "in your config file."
	)

	if exclude_sha1_file:
	map_ = mmap.mmap(exclude_sha1_file.fileno(), 0, prot=mmap.PROT_READ)
	if map_.size() % SHA1_SIZE != 0:
	ctx.fail(
	"--exclude-sha1 must link to a file whose size is an "
	"exact multiple of %d bytes." % SHA1_SIZE
	)
	nb_excluded_hashes = int(map_.size() / SHA1_SIZE)

	def exclude_fn(obj):
	return is_hash_in_bytearray(obj["sha1"], map_, nb_excluded_hashes)

	else:
	exclude_fn = None

	journal_cfg = conf["journal_client"]
	journal_cfg.setdefault("cls", "kafka")
	+ if "error_reporter" in journal_cfg:
	+ from redis import Redis
	+ from swh.objstorage.replayer import replay
	+ replay.REPORTER = Redis(**journal_cfg.pop("error_reporter")).set
	+
	client = get_journal_client(
	**journal_cfg, stop_after_objects=stop_after_objects, object_types=("content",),
	)
	worker_fn = functools.partial(
	process_replay_objects_content,
	src=objstorage_src,
	dst=objstorage_dst,
	exclude_fn=exclude_fn,
	check_dst=check_dst,
	)

	if notify:
	notify("READY=1")

	try:
	client.process(worker_fn)
	except KeyboardInterrupt:
	ctx.exit(0)
	else:
	print("Done.")
	finally:
	if notify:
	notify("STOPPING=1")
	client.close()


	def main():
	logging.basicConfig()
	return objstorage_cli_group(auto_envvar_prefix="SWH_OBJSTORAGE")


	if __name__ == "__main__":
	main()
	diff --git a/swh/objstorage/replayer/replay.py b/swh/objstorage/replayer/replay.py
	index 3f218fa..2bdec24 100644
	--- a/swh/objstorage/replayer/replay.py
	+++ b/swh/objstorage/replayer/replay.py
	@@ -1,323 +1,331 @@
	# Copyright (C) 2019-2020 The Software Heritage developers
	# See the AUTHORS file at the top-level directory of this distribution
	# License: GNU General Public License version 3, or any later version
	# See top-level LICENSE file for more information

	import logging
	from time import time
	from typing import Callable, Dict, List, Optional

	+import msgpack
	from sentry_sdk import capture_exception, push_scope

	try:
	from systemd.daemon import notify
	except ImportError:
	notify = None

	from tenacity import (
	retry,
	retry_base,
	retry_if_exception_type,
	stop_after_attempt,
	wait_random_exponential,
	)

	from swh.core.statsd import statsd
	from swh.model.hashutil import hash_to_hex
	from swh.model.model import SHA1_SIZE
	from swh.objstorage.objstorage import ID_HASH_ALGO, ObjNotFoundError, ObjStorage

	logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
	+REPORTER = None

	CONTENT_OPERATIONS_METRIC = "swh_content_replayer_operations_total"
	CONTENT_RETRY_METRIC = "swh_content_replayer_retries_total"
	CONTENT_BYTES_METRIC = "swh_content_replayer_bytes"
	CONTENT_DURATION_METRIC = "swh_content_replayer_duration_seconds"


	def is_hash_in_bytearray(hash_, array, nb_hashes, hash_size=SHA1_SIZE):
	"""
	Checks if the given hash is in the provided `array`. The array must be
	a sorted list of sha1 hashes, and contain `nb_hashes` hashes
	(so its size must by `nb_hashes*hash_size` bytes).

	Args:
	hash_ (bytes): the hash to look for
	array (bytes): a sorted concatenated array of hashes (may be of
	any type supporting slice indexing, eg. :class:`mmap.mmap`)
	nb_hashes (int): number of hashes in the array
	hash_size (int): size of a hash (defaults to 20, for SHA1)

	Example:

	>>> import os
	>>> hash1 = os.urandom(20)
	>>> hash2 = os.urandom(20)
	>>> hash3 = os.urandom(20)
	>>> array = b''.join(sorted([hash1, hash2]))
	>>> is_hash_in_bytearray(hash1, array, 2)
	True
	>>> is_hash_in_bytearray(hash2, array, 2)
	True
	>>> is_hash_in_bytearray(hash3, array, 2)
	False
	"""
	if len(hash_) != hash_size:
	raise ValueError("hash_ does not match the provided hash_size.")

	def get_hash(position):
	return array[position * hash_size : (position + 1) * hash_size]

	# Regular dichotomy:
	left = 0
	right = nb_hashes
	while left < right - 1:
	middle = int((right + left) / 2)
	pivot = get_hash(middle)
	if pivot == hash_:
	return True
	elif pivot < hash_:
	left = middle
	else:
	right = middle
	return get_hash(left) == hash_


	class ReplayError(Exception):
	"""An error occurred during the replay of an object"""

	def __init__(self, *, obj_id, exc):
	self.obj_id = hash_to_hex(obj_id)
	self.exc = exc

	def __str__(self):
	return "ReplayError(%s, %s)" % (self.obj_id, self.exc)


	def log_replay_retry(retry_state, sleep=None, last_result=None):
	"""Log a retry of the content replayer"""
	exc = retry_state.outcome.exception()
	operation = retry_state.fn.__name__
	logger.debug(
	"Retry operation %(operation)s on %(obj_id)s: %(exc)s",
	{"operation": operation, "obj_id": exc.obj_id, "exc": str(exc.exc)},
	)


	def log_replay_error(retry_state):
	"""Log a replay error to sentry"""
	exc = retry_state.outcome.exception()

	with push_scope() as scope:
	scope.set_tag("operation", retry_state.fn.__name__)
	scope.set_extra("obj_id", exc.obj_id)
	capture_exception(exc.exc)

	error_context = {
	"obj_id": exc.obj_id,
	"operation": retry_state.fn.__name__,
	"exc": str(exc.exc),
	"retries": retry_state.attempt_number,
	}

	logger.error(
	"Failed operation %(operation)s on %(obj_id)s after %(retries)s"
	" retries: %(exc)s",
	error_context,
	)

	+ # if we have a global error (redis) reporter
	+ if REPORTER is not None:
	+ oid = f"blob:{exc.obj_id}"
	+ msg = msgpack.dumps(error_context)
	+ REPORTER(oid, msg)
	+
	return None


	CONTENT_REPLAY_RETRIES = 3


	class retry_log_if_success(retry_base):
	"""Log in statsd the number of attempts required to succeed"""

	def __call__(self, retry_state):
	if not retry_state.outcome.failed:
	statsd.increment(
	CONTENT_RETRY_METRIC,
	tags={
	"operation": retry_state.fn.__name__,
	"attempt": str(retry_state.attempt_number),
	},
	)
	return False


	content_replay_retry = retry(
	retry=retry_if_exception_type(ReplayError) \| retry_log_if_success(),
	stop=stop_after_attempt(CONTENT_REPLAY_RETRIES),
	wait=wait_random_exponential(multiplier=1, max=60),
	before_sleep=log_replay_retry,
	retry_error_callback=log_replay_error,
	)


	@content_replay_retry
	def get_object(objstorage, obj_id):
	try:
	with statsd.timed(CONTENT_DURATION_METRIC, tags={"request": "get"}):
	obj = objstorage.get(obj_id)
	logger.debug("retrieved %(obj_id)s", {"obj_id": hash_to_hex(obj_id)})
	return obj
	except ObjNotFoundError:
	logger.error(
	"Failed to retrieve %(obj_id)s: object not found",
	{"obj_id": hash_to_hex(obj_id)},
	)
	raise
	except Exception as exc:
	raise ReplayError(obj_id=obj_id, exc=exc) from None


	@content_replay_retry
	def put_object(objstorage, obj_id, obj):
	try:
	with statsd.timed(CONTENT_DURATION_METRIC, tags={"request": "put"}):
	obj = objstorage.add(obj, obj_id, check_presence=False)
	logger.debug("stored %(obj_id)s", {"obj_id": hash_to_hex(obj_id)})
	except Exception as exc:
	raise ReplayError(obj_id=obj_id, exc=exc) from None


	def copy_object(obj_id, src, dst):
	obj = get_object(src, obj_id)
	if obj is not None:
	put_object(dst, obj_id, obj)
	statsd.increment(CONTENT_BYTES_METRIC, len(obj))
	return len(obj)
	return 0


	@content_replay_retry
	def obj_in_objstorage(obj_id, dst):
	"""Check if an object is already in an objstorage, tenaciously"""
	try:
	return obj_id in dst
	except Exception as exc:
	raise ReplayError(obj_id=obj_id, exc=exc) from None


	def process_replay_objects_content(
	all_objects: Dict[str, List[dict]],
	*,
	src: ObjStorage,
	dst: ObjStorage,
	exclude_fn: Optional[Callable[[dict], bool]] = None,
	check_dst: bool = True,
	):
	"""
	Takes a list of records from Kafka (see
	:py:func:`swh.journal.client.JournalClient.process`) and copies them
	from the `src` objstorage to the `dst` objstorage, if:

	* `obj['status']` is `'visible'`
	* `exclude_fn(obj)` is `False` (if `exclude_fn` is provided)
	* `obj['sha1'] not in dst` (if `check_dst` is True)

	Args:
	all_objects: Objects passed by the Kafka client. Most importantly,
	`all_objects['content'][*]['sha1']` is the sha1 hash of each
	content.
	src: An object storage (see :py:func:`swh.objstorage.get_objstorage`)
	dst: An object storage (see :py:func:`swh.objstorage.get_objstorage`)
	exclude_fn: Determines whether an object should be copied.
	check_dst: Determines whether we should check the destination
	objstorage before copying.

	Example:

	>>> from swh.objstorage.factory import get_objstorage
	>>> src = get_objstorage('memory')
	>>> dst = get_objstorage('memory')
	>>> id1 = src.add(b'foo bar')
	>>> id2 = src.add(b'baz qux')
	>>> kafka_partitions = {
	... 'content': [
	... {
	... 'sha1': id1,
	... 'status': 'visible',
	... },
	... {
	... 'sha1': id2,
	... 'status': 'visible',
	... },
	... ]
	... }
	>>> process_replay_objects_content(
	... kafka_partitions, src=src, dst=dst,
	... exclude_fn=lambda obj: obj['sha1'] == id1)
	>>> id1 in dst
	False
	>>> id2 in dst
	True
	"""
	vol = []
	nb_skipped = 0
	nb_failures = 0
	t0 = time()

	for (object_type, objects) in all_objects.items():
	if object_type != "content":
	logger.warning(
	"Received a series of %s, this should not happen", object_type
	)
	continue
	for obj in objects:
	obj_id = obj[ID_HASH_ALGO]
	if obj["status"] != "visible":
	nb_skipped += 1
	logger.debug(
	"skipped %s (status=%s)", hash_to_hex(obj_id), obj["status"]
	)
	statsd.increment(
	CONTENT_OPERATIONS_METRIC,
	tags={"decision": "skipped", "status": obj["status"]},
	)
	elif exclude_fn and exclude_fn(obj):
	nb_skipped += 1
	logger.debug("skipped %s (manually excluded)", hash_to_hex(obj_id))
	statsd.increment(
	CONTENT_OPERATIONS_METRIC, tags={"decision": "excluded"}
	)
	elif check_dst and obj_in_objstorage(obj_id, dst):
	nb_skipped += 1
	logger.debug("skipped %s (in dst)", hash_to_hex(obj_id))
	statsd.increment(CONTENT_OPERATIONS_METRIC, tags={"decision": "in_dst"})
	else:
	try:
	copied = copy_object(obj_id, src, dst)
	except ObjNotFoundError:
	nb_skipped += 1
	statsd.increment(
	CONTENT_OPERATIONS_METRIC, tags={"decision": "not_in_src"}
	)
	else:
	if copied is None:
	nb_failures += 1
	statsd.increment(
	CONTENT_OPERATIONS_METRIC, tags={"decision": "failed"}
	)
	else:
	vol.append(copied)
	statsd.increment(
	CONTENT_OPERATIONS_METRIC, tags={"decision": "copied"}
	)

	dt = time() - t0
	logger.info(
	"processed %s content objects in %.1fsec "
	"(%.1f obj/sec, %.1fMB/sec) - %d failed - %d skipped",
	len(vol),
	dt,
	len(vol) / dt,
	sum(vol) / 1024 / 1024 / dt,
	nb_failures,
	nb_skipped,
	)

	if notify:
	notify("WATCHDOG=1")
	diff --git a/swh/objstorage/replayer/tests/test_cli.py b/swh/objstorage/replayer/tests/test_cli.py
	index acccb38..0dbe0e9 100644
	--- a/swh/objstorage/replayer/tests/test_cli.py
	+++ b/swh/objstorage/replayer/tests/test_cli.py
	@@ -1,634 +1,666 @@
	# Copyright (C) 2019-2020 The Software Heritage developers
	# See the AUTHORS file at the top-level directory of this distribution
	# License: GNU General Public License version 3, or any later version
	# See top-level LICENSE file for more information

	from collections import Counter
	import copy
	import functools
	import logging
	import re
	from subprocess import Popen
	import tempfile
	from typing import Tuple
	from unittest.mock import patch

	from click.testing import CliRunner
	from confluent_kafka import Producer
	+import msgpack
	import pytest
	import yaml

	from swh.journal.serializers import key_to_kafka
	from swh.model.hashutil import hash_to_hex
	from swh.objstorage.backends.in_memory import InMemoryObjStorage
	from swh.objstorage.replayer.cli import objstorage_cli_group
	from swh.objstorage.replayer.replay import CONTENT_REPLAY_RETRIES

	logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)


	CLI_CONFIG = {
	"objstorage": {"cls": "mocked", "name": "src",},
	"objstorage_dst": {"cls": "mocked", "name": "dst",},
	}


	@pytest.fixture
	def monkeypatch_retry_sleep(monkeypatch):
	from swh.objstorage.replayer.replay import get_object, obj_in_objstorage, put_object

	monkeypatch.setattr(get_object.retry, "sleep", lambda x: None)
	monkeypatch.setattr(put_object.retry, "sleep", lambda x: None)
	monkeypatch.setattr(obj_in_objstorage.retry, "sleep", lambda x: None)


	def _patch_objstorages(names):
	objstorages = {name: InMemoryObjStorage() for name in names}

	def get_mock_objstorage(cls, **args):
	assert cls == "mocked", cls
	return objstorages[args["name"]]

	def decorator(f):
	@functools.wraps(f)
	@patch("swh.objstorage.factory.get_objstorage")
	def newf(get_objstorage_mock, args, *kwargs):
	get_objstorage_mock.side_effect = get_mock_objstorage
	f(args, objstorages=objstorages, *kwargs)

	return newf

	return decorator


	def invoke(*args, env=None, journal_config=None):
	config = copy.deepcopy(CLI_CONFIG)
	if journal_config:
	config["journal_client"] = journal_config

	runner = CliRunner()
	with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile("a", suffix=".yml") as config_fd:
	yaml.dump(config, config_fd)
	config_fd.seek(0)
	args = ["-C" + config_fd.name] + list(args)
	return runner.invoke(
	objstorage_cli_group, args, obj={"log_level": logging.DEBUG}, env=env,
	)


	def test_replay_help():
	result = invoke("replay", "--help",)
	expected = (
	r"^\s*Usage: objstorage replay \[OPTIONS\]\s+"
	r"Fill a destination Object Storage.*"
	)
	assert result.exit_code == 0, result.output
	assert re.match(expected, result.output, re.MULTILINE), result.output


	NUM_CONTENTS = 10


	def _fill_objstorage_and_kafka(kafka_server, kafka_prefix, objstorage):
	producer = Producer(
	{
	"bootstrap.servers": kafka_server,
	"client.id": "test-producer",
	"acks": "all",
	}
	)

	contents = {}
	for i in range(NUM_CONTENTS):
	content = b"\x00" * 19 + bytes([i])
	sha1 = objstorage.add(content)
	contents[sha1] = content
	producer.produce(
	topic=kafka_prefix + ".content",
	key=key_to_kafka(sha1),
	value=key_to_kafka({"sha1": sha1, "status": "visible",}),
	)

	producer.flush()

	return contents


	@_patch_objstorages(["src", "dst"])
	def test_replay_content(
	objstorages,
	kafka_prefix: str,
	kafka_consumer_group: str,
	kafka_server: Tuple[Popen, int],
	):
	"""Check the content replayer in normal conditions"""

	contents = _fill_objstorage_and_kafka(
	kafka_server, kafka_prefix, objstorages["src"]
	)

	result = invoke(
	"replay",
	"--stop-after-objects",
	str(NUM_CONTENTS),
	journal_config={
	"brokers": kafka_server,
	"group_id": kafka_consumer_group,
	"prefix": kafka_prefix,
	},
	)

	expected = r"Done.\n"
	assert result.exit_code == 0, result.output
	assert re.fullmatch(expected, result.output, re.MULTILINE), result.output

	for (sha1, content) in contents.items():
	assert sha1 in objstorages["dst"], sha1
	assert objstorages["dst"].get(sha1) == content


	@_patch_objstorages(["src", "dst"])
	def test_replay_content_structured_log(
	objstorages,
	kafka_prefix: str,
	kafka_consumer_group: str,
	kafka_server: Tuple[Popen, int],
	caplog,
	):
	"""Check the logs produced by the content replayer in normal conditions"""

	contents = _fill_objstorage_and_kafka(
	kafka_server, kafka_prefix, objstorages["src"]
	)

	caplog.set_level(logging.DEBUG, "swh.objstorage.replayer.replay")

	expected_obj_ids = set(hash_to_hex(sha1) for sha1 in contents)

	result = invoke(
	"replay",
	"--stop-after-objects",
	str(NUM_CONTENTS),
	journal_config={
	"brokers": kafka_server,
	"group_id": kafka_consumer_group,
	"prefix": kafka_prefix,
	},
	)
	expected = r"Done.\n"
	assert result.exit_code == 0, result.output
	assert re.fullmatch(expected, result.output, re.MULTILINE), result.output

	copied = set()
	for record in caplog.records:
	logtext = record.getMessage()
	if "stored" in logtext:
	copied.add(record.args["obj_id"])

	assert (
	copied == expected_obj_ids
	), "Mismatched logging; see captured log output for details."


	@_patch_objstorages(["src", "dst"])
	def test_replay_content_static_group_id(
	objstorages,
	kafka_prefix: str,
	kafka_consumer_group: str,
	kafka_server: Tuple[Popen, int],
	caplog,
	):
	"""Check the content replayer in normal conditions

	with KAFKA_GROUP_INSTANCE_ID set
	"""

	contents = _fill_objstorage_and_kafka(
	kafka_server, kafka_prefix, objstorages["src"]
	)

	# Setup log capture to fish the consumer settings out of the log messages
	caplog.set_level(logging.DEBUG, "swh.journal.client")

	result = invoke(
	"replay",
	"--stop-after-objects",
	str(NUM_CONTENTS),
	env={"KAFKA_GROUP_INSTANCE_ID": "static-group-instance-id"},
	journal_config={
	"brokers": kafka_server,
	"group_id": kafka_consumer_group,
	"prefix": kafka_prefix,
	},
	)
	expected = r"Done.\n"
	assert result.exit_code == 0, result.output
	assert re.fullmatch(expected, result.output, re.MULTILINE), result.output

	consumer_settings = None
	for record in caplog.records:
	if "Consumer settings" in record.message:
	consumer_settings = record.args
	break

	assert consumer_settings is not None, (
	"Failed to get consumer settings out of the consumer log. "
	"See log capture for details."
	)
	assert consumer_settings["group.instance.id"] == "static-group-instance-id"
	assert consumer_settings["session.timeout.ms"] == 60 * 10 * 1000
	assert consumer_settings["max.poll.interval.ms"] == 90 * 10 * 1000

	for (sha1, content) in contents.items():
	assert sha1 in objstorages["dst"], sha1
	assert objstorages["dst"].get(sha1) == content


	@_patch_objstorages(["src", "dst"])
	def test_replay_content_exclude(
	objstorages,
	kafka_prefix: str,
	kafka_consumer_group: str,
	kafka_server: Tuple[Popen, int],
	):
	"""Check the content replayer in normal conditions

	with a exclusion file (--exclude-sha1-file)
	"""

	contents = _fill_objstorage_and_kafka(
	kafka_server, kafka_prefix, objstorages["src"]
	)

	excluded_contents = list(contents)[0::2] # picking half of them
	with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(mode="w+b") as fd:
	fd.write(b"".join(sorted(excluded_contents)))

	fd.seek(0)

	result = invoke(
	"replay",
	"--stop-after-objects",
	str(NUM_CONTENTS),
	"--exclude-sha1-file",
	fd.name,
	journal_config={
	"brokers": kafka_server,
	"group_id": kafka_consumer_group,
	"prefix": kafka_prefix,
	},
	)
	expected = r"Done.\n"
	assert result.exit_code == 0, result.output
	assert re.fullmatch(expected, result.output, re.MULTILINE), result.output

	for (sha1, content) in contents.items():
	if sha1 in excluded_contents:
	assert sha1 not in objstorages["dst"], sha1
	else:
	assert sha1 in objstorages["dst"], sha1
	assert objstorages["dst"].get(sha1) == content


	NUM_CONTENTS_DST = 5


	@_patch_objstorages(["src", "dst"])
	@pytest.mark.parametrize(
	"check_dst,expected_copied,expected_in_dst",
	[
	(True, NUM_CONTENTS - NUM_CONTENTS_DST, NUM_CONTENTS_DST),
	(False, NUM_CONTENTS, 0),
	],
	)
	def test_replay_content_check_dst(
	objstorages,
	kafka_prefix: str,
	kafka_consumer_group: str,
	kafka_server: Tuple[Popen, int],
	check_dst: bool,
	expected_copied: int,
	expected_in_dst: int,
	caplog,
	):
	"""Check the content replayer in normal conditions

	with some objects already in the dst objstorage.

	When check_dst is True, expect those not to be neither retrieved from the
	src objstorage nor pushed in the dst objstorage.
	"""

	contents = _fill_objstorage_and_kafka(
	kafka_server, kafka_prefix, objstorages["src"]
	)

	# add some objects in the dst objstorage
	for i, (sha1, content) in enumerate(contents.items()):
	if i >= NUM_CONTENTS_DST:
	break
	objstorages["dst"].add(content, obj_id=sha1)

	caplog.set_level(logging.DEBUG, "swh.objstorage.replayer.replay")

	result = invoke(
	"replay",
	"--stop-after-objects",
	str(NUM_CONTENTS),
	"--check-dst" if check_dst else "--no-check-dst",
	journal_config={
	"brokers": kafka_server,
	"group_id": kafka_consumer_group,
	"prefix": kafka_prefix,
	},
	)
	expected = r"Done.\n"
	assert result.exit_code == 0, result.output
	assert re.fullmatch(expected, result.output, re.MULTILINE), result.output

	retrieved = 0
	stored = 0
	in_dst = 0
	for record in caplog.records:
	logtext = record.getMessage()
	if "retrieved" in logtext:
	retrieved += 1
	elif "stored" in logtext:
	stored += 1
	elif "in dst" in logtext:
	in_dst += 1

	assert (
	retrieved == expected_copied
	and stored == expected_copied
	and in_dst == expected_in_dst
	), "Unexpected amount of objects copied, see the captured log for details"

	for (sha1, content) in contents.items():
	assert sha1 in objstorages["dst"], sha1
	assert objstorages["dst"].get(sha1) == content


	class FlakyObjStorage(InMemoryObjStorage):
	"""Flaky objstorage

	Any 'get', 'add' or 'in' (i.e. '__contains__()') operation will fail
	according to configured 'failures'.

	'failures' is expected to be a dict which keys are couples (operation,
	obj_id) and values are the number of time the operation 'operation' is
	expected to fail for object 'obj_id' before being performed successfully.

	An optional state ('state') can be also given as argument (see
	InMemoryObjStorage).

	"""

	def __init__(self, args, *kwargs):
	state = kwargs.pop("state")
	self.failures_left = Counter(kwargs.pop("failures"))
	super().__init__(args, *kwargs)
	if state:
	self.state = state

	def flaky_operation(self, op, obj_id):
	if self.failures_left[op, obj_id] > 0:
	self.failures_left[op, obj_id] -= 1
	raise RuntimeError("Failed %s on %s" % (op, hash_to_hex(obj_id)))

	def get(self, obj_id):
	self.flaky_operation("get", obj_id)
	return super().get(obj_id)

	def add(self, data, obj_id=None, check_presence=True):
	self.flaky_operation("add", obj_id)
	return super().add(data, obj_id=obj_id, check_presence=check_presence)

	def __contains__(self, obj_id):
	self.flaky_operation("in", obj_id)
	return super().__contains__(obj_id)


	@_patch_objstorages(["src", "dst"])
	def test_replay_content_check_dst_retry(
	objstorages,
	kafka_prefix: str,
	kafka_consumer_group: str,
	kafka_server: Tuple[Popen, int],
	monkeypatch_retry_sleep,
	caplog,
	+ redis_proc,
	+ redisdb,
	):
	"""Check the content replayer with a flaky dst objstorage

	for 'in' operations.
	"""
	contents = _fill_objstorage_and_kafka(
	kafka_server, kafka_prefix, objstorages["src"]
	)

	# build a flaky dst objstorage in which the 'in' operation for the first
	# NUM_CONTENT_DST objects will fail once
	failures = {}
	for i, (sha1, content) in enumerate(contents.items()):
	if i >= NUM_CONTENTS_DST:
	break
	objstorages["dst"].add(content, obj_id=sha1)
	failures["in", sha1] = 1
	orig_dst = objstorages["dst"]
	objstorages["dst"] = FlakyObjStorage(state=orig_dst.state, failures=failures)

	caplog.set_level(logging.DEBUG, "swh.objstorage.replayer.replay")
	result = invoke(
	"replay",
	"--check-dst",
	"--stop-after-objects",
	str(NUM_CONTENTS),
	journal_config={
	"brokers": kafka_server,
	"group_id": kafka_consumer_group,
	"prefix": kafka_prefix,
	+ "error_reporter": {"host": redis_proc.host, "port": redis_proc.port},
	},
	)
	expected = r"Done.\n"
	assert result.exit_code == 0, result.output
	assert re.fullmatch(expected, result.output, re.MULTILINE), result.output

	# check that exactly NUM_CONTENTS_DST 'in' operations have failed once
	failed_in = 0
	for record in caplog.records:
	logtext = record.getMessage()
	if "Retry operation obj_in_objstorage" in logtext:
	failed_in += 1
	elif "Retry operation" in logtext:
	assert False, "No other failure expected than 'in' operations"
	assert failed_in == NUM_CONTENTS_DST

	+ # check nothing has been reported in redis
	+ assert not redisdb.keys()
	+
	# in the end, the replay process should be OK
	for (sha1, content) in contents.items():
	assert sha1 in objstorages["dst"], sha1
	assert objstorages["dst"].get(sha1) == content


	@_patch_objstorages(["src", "dst"])
	def test_replay_content_failed_copy_retry(
	objstorages,
	kafka_prefix: str,
	kafka_consumer_group: str,
	kafka_server: Tuple[Popen, int],
	caplog,
	monkeypatch_retry_sleep,
	+ redis_proc,
	+ redisdb,
	):
	"""Check the content replayer with a flaky src and dst objstorages

	- for 'get' and 'add' operations.
	+ for 'get' and 'add' operations, and a few non-recoverable failures (some
	+ objects failed to be replayed).
	+
	"""
	contents = _fill_objstorage_and_kafka(
	kafka_server, kafka_prefix, objstorages["src"]
	)

	add_failures = {}
	get_failures = {}
	definitely_failed = set()

	# We want to generate operations failing 1 to CONTENT_REPLAY_RETRIES times.
	# We generate failures for 2 different operations, get and add.
	num_retry_contents = 2 * CONTENT_REPLAY_RETRIES

	assert (
	num_retry_contents < NUM_CONTENTS
	), "Need to generate more test contents to properly test retry behavior"

	for i, sha1 in enumerate(contents):
	if i >= num_retry_contents:
	break

	# This generates a number of failures, up to CONTENT_REPLAY_RETRIES
	num_failures = (i % CONTENT_REPLAY_RETRIES) + 1

	# This generates failures of add for the first CONTENT_REPLAY_RETRIES
	# objects, then failures of get.
	if i < CONTENT_REPLAY_RETRIES:
	add_failures["add", sha1] = num_failures
	else:
	get_failures["get", sha1] = num_failures

	# Only contents that have CONTENT_REPLAY_RETRIES or more are
	# definitely failing
	if num_failures >= CONTENT_REPLAY_RETRIES:
	definitely_failed.add(hash_to_hex(sha1))

	assert add_failures
	assert get_failures
	assert definitely_failed
	objstorages["dst"] = FlakyObjStorage(
	state=objstorages["dst"].state, failures=add_failures,
	)
	objstorages["src"] = FlakyObjStorage(
	state=objstorages["src"].state, failures=get_failures,
	)

	caplog.set_level(logging.DEBUG, "swh.objstorage.replayer.replay")

	result = invoke(
	"replay",
	"--stop-after-objects",
	str(NUM_CONTENTS),
	journal_config={
	"brokers": kafka_server,
	"group_id": kafka_consumer_group,
	"prefix": kafka_prefix,
	+ "error_reporter": {"host": redis_proc.host, "port": redis_proc.port},
	},
	)
	expected = r"Done.\n"
	assert result.exit_code == 0, result.output
	assert re.fullmatch(expected, result.output, re.MULTILINE), result.output

	+ # check the logs looks as expected
	copied = 0
	- actually_failed = set()
	+ failed_put = set()
	+ failed_get = set()
	for record in caplog.records:
	logtext = record.getMessage()
	if "stored" in logtext:
	copied += 1
	elif "Failed operation" in logtext:
	assert record.levelno == logging.ERROR
	assert record.args["retries"] == CONTENT_REPLAY_RETRIES
	- actually_failed.add(record.args["obj_id"])
	-
	+ assert record.args["operation"] in ("get_object", "put_object")
	+ if record.args["operation"] == "get_object":
	+ failed_get.add(record.args["obj_id"])
	+ else:
	+ failed_put.add(record.args["obj_id"])
	assert (
	- actually_failed == definitely_failed
	+ failed_put \| failed_get == definitely_failed
	), "Unexpected object copy failures; see captured log for details"

	+ # check failed objects are referenced in redis
	+ assert set(redisdb.keys()) == {
	+ f"blob:{objid}".encode() for objid in definitely_failed
	+ }
	+ # and have a consistent error report in redis
	+ for key in redisdb.keys():
	+ report = msgpack.loads(redisdb[key])
	+ assert report["operation"] in ("get_object", "put_object")
	+ if report["operation"] == "get_object":
	+ assert report["obj_id"] in failed_get
	+ else:
	+ assert report["obj_id"] in failed_put
	+
	+ # check valid object are in the dst objstorage, but
	+ # failed objects are not.
	for (sha1, content) in contents.items():
	if hash_to_hex(sha1) in definitely_failed:
	assert sha1 not in objstorages["dst"]
	continue

	assert sha1 in objstorages["dst"], sha1
	assert objstorages["dst"].get(sha1) == content


	@_patch_objstorages(["src", "dst"])
	def test_replay_content_objnotfound(
	objstorages,
	kafka_prefix: str,
	kafka_consumer_group: str,
	kafka_server: Tuple[Popen, int],
	caplog,
	):
	"""Check the ContentNotFound is not considered a failure to retry"""

	contents = _fill_objstorage_and_kafka(
	kafka_server, kafka_prefix, objstorages["src"]
	)

	# delete a few objects from the src objstorage
	num_contents_deleted = 5
	contents_deleted = set()
	for i, sha1 in enumerate(contents):
	if i >= num_contents_deleted:
	break
	del objstorages["src"].state[sha1]
	contents_deleted.add(hash_to_hex(sha1))

	caplog.set_level(logging.DEBUG, "swh.objstorage.replayer.replay")

	result = invoke(
	"replay",
	"--stop-after-objects",
	str(NUM_CONTENTS),
	journal_config={
	"brokers": kafka_server,
	"group_id": kafka_consumer_group,
	"prefix": kafka_prefix,
	},
	)
	expected = r"Done.\n"
	assert result.exit_code == 0, result.output
	assert re.fullmatch(expected, result.output, re.MULTILINE), result.output

	copied = 0
	not_in_src = set()
	for record in caplog.records:
	logtext = record.getMessage()
	if "stored" in logtext:
	copied += 1
	elif "object not found" in logtext:
	# Check that the object id can be recovered from logs
	assert record.levelno == logging.ERROR
	not_in_src.add(record.args["obj_id"])
	elif "Retry operation" in logtext:
	assert False, "Not found objects should not be retried"

	assert (
	copied == NUM_CONTENTS - num_contents_deleted
	), "Unexpected number of contents copied"

	assert (
	not_in_src == contents_deleted
	), "Mismatch between deleted contents and not_in_src logs"

	for (sha1, content) in contents.items():
	if sha1 not in objstorages["src"]:
	continue
	assert sha1 in objstorages["dst"], sha1
	assert objstorages["dst"].get(sha1) == content

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