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	diff --git a/swh/model/model.py b/swh/model/model.py
	index a438701..d111194 100644
	--- a/swh/model/model.py
	+++ b/swh/model/model.py
	@@ -1,1095 +1,1099 @@
	# Copyright (C) 2018-2020 The Software Heritage developers
	# See the AUTHORS file at the top-level directory of this distribution
	# License: GNU General Public License version 3, or any later version
	# See top-level LICENSE file for more information

	from abc import ABCMeta, abstractmethod
	import datetime
	from enum import Enum
	from hashlib import sha256
	from typing import Any, Dict, Iterable, Optional, Tuple, TypeVar, Union

	import attr
	from attrs_strict import type_validator
	import dateutil.parser
	import iso8601
	from typing_extensions import Final

	from .collections import ImmutableDict
	from .hashutil import DEFAULT_ALGORITHMS, MultiHash, hash_to_bytes
	from .identifiers import (
	directory_identifier,
	normalize_timestamp,
	origin_identifier,
	- parse_swhid,
	release_identifier,
	revision_identifier,
	snapshot_identifier,
	)
	+from .identifiers import CoreSWHID
	from .identifiers import ExtendedObjectType as SwhidExtendedObjectType
	from .identifiers import ExtendedSWHID
	from .identifiers import ObjectType as SwhidObjectType
	-from .identifiers import SWHID, CoreSWHID


	class MissingData(Exception):
	"""Raised by `Content.with_data` when it has no way of fetching the
	data (but not when fetching the data fails)."""

	pass


	KeyType = Union[Dict[str, str], Dict[str, bytes], bytes]
	"""The type returned by BaseModel.unique_key()."""


	SHA1_SIZE = 20

	# TODO: Limit this to 20 bytes
	Sha1Git = bytes
	Sha1 = bytes


	KT = TypeVar("KT")
	VT = TypeVar("VT")


	def freeze_optional_dict(
	d: Union[None, Dict[KT, VT], ImmutableDict[KT, VT]] # type: ignore
	) -> Optional[ImmutableDict[KT, VT]]:
	if isinstance(d, dict):
	return ImmutableDict(d)
	else:
	return d


	def dictify(value):
	"Helper function used by BaseModel.to_dict()"
	if isinstance(value, BaseModel):
	return value.to_dict()
	- elif isinstance(value, (SWHID, ExtendedSWHID)):
	+ elif isinstance(value, (CoreSWHID, ExtendedSWHID)):
	return str(value)
	elif isinstance(value, Enum):
	return value.value
	elif isinstance(value, (dict, ImmutableDict)):
	return {k: dictify(v) for k, v in value.items()}
	elif isinstance(value, tuple):
	return tuple(dictify(v) for v in value)
	else:
	return value


	ModelType = TypeVar("ModelType", bound="BaseModel")


	class BaseModel:
	"""Base class for SWH model classes.

	Provides serialization/deserialization to/from Python dictionaries,
	that are suitable for JSON/msgpack-like formats."""

	__slots__ = ()

	def to_dict(self):
	"""Wrapper of `attr.asdict` that can be overridden by subclasses
	that have special handling of some of the fields."""
	return dictify(attr.asdict(self, recurse=False))

	@classmethod
	def from_dict(cls, d):
	"""Takes a dictionary representing a tree of SWH objects, and
	recursively builds the corresponding objects."""
	return cls(**d)

	def anonymize(self: ModelType) -> Optional[ModelType]:
	"""Returns an anonymized version of the object, if needed.

	If the object model does not need/support anonymization, returns None.
	"""
	return None

	def unique_key(self) -> KeyType:
	"""Returns a unique key for this object, that can be used for
	deduplication."""
	raise NotImplementedError(f"unique_key for {self}")


	class HashableObject(metaclass=ABCMeta):
	"""Mixin to automatically compute object identifier hash when
	the associated model is instantiated."""

	__slots__ = ()

	@abstractmethod
	def compute_hash(self) -> bytes:
	"""Derived model classes must implement this to compute
	the object hash.

	This method is called by the object initialization if the `id`
	attribute is set to an empty value.
	"""
	pass

	def __attrs_post_init__(self):
	if not self.id:
	obj_id = self.compute_hash()
	object.__setattr__(self, "id", obj_id)

	def unique_key(self) -> KeyType:
	return self.id # type: ignore


	@attr.s(frozen=True, slots=True)
	class Person(BaseModel):
	"""Represents the author/committer of a revision or release."""

	object_type: Final = "person"

	fullname = attr.ib(type=bytes, validator=type_validator())
	name = attr.ib(type=Optional[bytes], validator=type_validator())
	email = attr.ib(type=Optional[bytes], validator=type_validator())

	@classmethod
	def from_fullname(cls, fullname: bytes):
	"""Returns a Person object, by guessing the name and email from the
	fullname, in the `name <email>` format.

	The fullname is left unchanged."""
	if fullname is None:
	raise TypeError("fullname is None.")

	name: Optional[bytes]
	email: Optional[bytes]

	try:
	open_bracket = fullname.index(b"<")
	except ValueError:
	name = fullname
	email = None
	else:
	raw_name = fullname[:open_bracket]
	raw_email = fullname[open_bracket + 1 :]

	if not raw_name:
	name = None
	else:
	name = raw_name.strip()

	try:
	close_bracket = raw_email.rindex(b">")
	except ValueError:
	email = raw_email
	else:
	email = raw_email[:close_bracket]

	return Person(name=name or None, email=email or None, fullname=fullname,)

	def anonymize(self) -> "Person":
	"""Returns an anonymized version of the Person object.

	Anonymization is simply a Person which fullname is the hashed, with unset name
	or email.
	"""
	return Person(fullname=sha256(self.fullname).digest(), name=None, email=None,)


	@attr.s(frozen=True, slots=True)
	class Timestamp(BaseModel):
	"""Represents a naive timestamp from a VCS."""

	object_type: Final = "timestamp"

	seconds = attr.ib(type=int, validator=type_validator())
	microseconds = attr.ib(type=int, validator=type_validator())

	@seconds.validator
	def check_seconds(self, attribute, value):
	"""Check that seconds fit in a 64-bits signed integer."""
	if not (-(2 63) <= value < 2 63):
	raise ValueError("Seconds must be a signed 64-bits integer.")

	@microseconds.validator
	def check_microseconds(self, attribute, value):
	"""Checks that microseconds are positive and < 1000000."""
	if not (0 <= value < 10 ** 6):
	raise ValueError("Microseconds must be in [0, 1000000[.")


	@attr.s(frozen=True, slots=True)
	class TimestampWithTimezone(BaseModel):
	"""Represents a TZ-aware timestamp from a VCS."""

	object_type: Final = "timestamp_with_timezone"

	timestamp = attr.ib(type=Timestamp, validator=type_validator())
	offset = attr.ib(type=int, validator=type_validator())
	negative_utc = attr.ib(type=bool, validator=type_validator())

	@offset.validator
	def check_offset(self, attribute, value):
	"""Checks the offset is a 16-bits signed integer (in theory, it
	should always be between -14 and +14 hours)."""
	if not (-(2 15) <= value < 2 15):
	# max 14 hours offset in theory, but you never know what
	# you'll find in the wild...
	raise ValueError("offset too large: %d minutes" % value)

	@negative_utc.validator
	def check_negative_utc(self, attribute, value):
	if self.offset and value:
	raise ValueError("negative_utc can only be True is offset=0")

	@classmethod
	def from_dict(cls, obj: Union[Dict, datetime.datetime, int]):
	"""Builds a TimestampWithTimezone from any of the formats
	accepted by :func:`swh.model.normalize_timestamp`."""
	# TODO: this accept way more types than just dicts; find a better
	# name
	d = normalize_timestamp(obj)
	return cls(
	timestamp=Timestamp.from_dict(d["timestamp"]),
	offset=d["offset"],
	negative_utc=d["negative_utc"],
	)

	@classmethod
	def from_datetime(cls, dt: datetime.datetime):
	return cls.from_dict(dt)

	@classmethod
	def from_iso8601(cls, s):
	"""Builds a TimestampWithTimezone from an ISO8601-formatted string.
	"""
	dt = iso8601.parse_date(s)
	tstz = cls.from_datetime(dt)
	if dt.tzname() == "-00:00":
	tstz = attr.evolve(tstz, negative_utc=True)
	return tstz


	@attr.s(frozen=True, slots=True)
	class Origin(BaseModel):
	"""Represents a software source: a VCS and an URL."""

	object_type: Final = "origin"

	url = attr.ib(type=str, validator=type_validator())

	def unique_key(self) -> KeyType:
	return {"url": self.url}

	def swhid(self) -> ExtendedSWHID:
	"""Returns a SWHID representing this origin."""
	return ExtendedSWHID(
	object_type=SwhidExtendedObjectType.ORIGIN,
	object_id=hash_to_bytes(origin_identifier(self.unique_key())),
	)


	@attr.s(frozen=True, slots=True)
	class OriginVisit(BaseModel):
	"""Represents an origin visit with a given type at a given point in time, by a
	SWH loader."""

	object_type: Final = "origin_visit"

	origin = attr.ib(type=str, validator=type_validator())
	date = attr.ib(type=datetime.datetime, validator=type_validator())
	type = attr.ib(type=str, validator=type_validator())
	"""Should not be set before calling 'origin_visit_add()'."""
	visit = attr.ib(type=Optional[int], validator=type_validator(), default=None)

	@date.validator
	def check_date(self, attribute, value):
	"""Checks the date has a timezone."""
	if value is not None and value.tzinfo is None:
	raise ValueError("date must be a timezone-aware datetime.")

	def to_dict(self):
	"""Serializes the date as a string and omits the visit id if it is
	`None`."""
	ov = super().to_dict()
	if ov["visit"] is None:
	del ov["visit"]
	return ov

	def unique_key(self) -> KeyType:
	return {"origin": self.origin, "date": str(self.date)}


	@attr.s(frozen=True, slots=True)
	class OriginVisitStatus(BaseModel):
	"""Represents a visit update of an origin at a given point in time.

	"""

	object_type: Final = "origin_visit_status"

	origin = attr.ib(type=str, validator=type_validator())
	visit = attr.ib(type=int, validator=type_validator())

	date = attr.ib(type=datetime.datetime, validator=type_validator())
	status = attr.ib(
	type=str,
	validator=attr.validators.in_(
	["created", "ongoing", "full", "partial", "not_found", "failed"]
	),
	)
	snapshot = attr.ib(type=Optional[Sha1Git], validator=type_validator())
	# Type is optional be to able to use it before adding it to the database model
	type = attr.ib(type=Optional[str], validator=type_validator(), default=None)
	metadata = attr.ib(
	type=Optional[ImmutableDict[str, object]],
	validator=type_validator(),
	converter=freeze_optional_dict,
	default=None,
	)

	@date.validator
	def check_date(self, attribute, value):
	"""Checks the date has a timezone."""
	if value is not None and value.tzinfo is None:
	raise ValueError("date must be a timezone-aware datetime.")

	def unique_key(self) -> KeyType:
	return {"origin": self.origin, "visit": str(self.visit), "date": str(self.date)}


	class TargetType(Enum):
	"""The type of content pointed to by a snapshot branch. Usually a
	revision or an alias."""

	CONTENT = "content"
	DIRECTORY = "directory"
	REVISION = "revision"
	RELEASE = "release"
	SNAPSHOT = "snapshot"
	ALIAS = "alias"


	class ObjectType(Enum):
	"""The type of content pointed to by a release. Usually a revision"""

	CONTENT = "content"
	DIRECTORY = "directory"
	REVISION = "revision"
	RELEASE = "release"
	SNAPSHOT = "snapshot"


	@attr.s(frozen=True, slots=True)
	class SnapshotBranch(BaseModel):
	"""Represents one of the branches of a snapshot."""

	object_type: Final = "snapshot_branch"

	target = attr.ib(type=bytes, validator=type_validator())
	target_type = attr.ib(type=TargetType, validator=type_validator())

	@target.validator
	def check_target(self, attribute, value):
	"""Checks the target type is not an alias, checks the target is a
	valid sha1_git."""
	if self.target_type != TargetType.ALIAS and self.target is not None:
	if len(value) != 20:
	raise ValueError("Wrong length for bytes identifier: %d" % len(value))

	@classmethod
	def from_dict(cls, d):
	return cls(target=d["target"], target_type=TargetType(d["target_type"]))


	@attr.s(frozen=True, slots=True)
	class Snapshot(HashableObject, BaseModel):
	"""Represents the full state of an origin at a given point in time."""

	object_type: Final = "snapshot"

	branches = attr.ib(
	type=ImmutableDict[bytes, Optional[SnapshotBranch]],
	validator=type_validator(),
	converter=freeze_optional_dict,
	)
	id = attr.ib(type=Sha1Git, validator=type_validator(), default=b"")

	def compute_hash(self) -> bytes:
	return hash_to_bytes(snapshot_identifier(self.to_dict()))

	@classmethod
	def from_dict(cls, d):
	d = d.copy()
	return cls(
	branches=ImmutableDict(
	(name, SnapshotBranch.from_dict(branch) if branch else None)
	for (name, branch) in d.pop("branches").items()
	),
	**d,
	)

	def swhid(self) -> CoreSWHID:
	"""Returns a SWHID representing this object."""
	return CoreSWHID(object_type=SwhidObjectType.SNAPSHOT, object_id=self.id)


	@attr.s(frozen=True, slots=True)
	class Release(HashableObject, BaseModel):
	object_type: Final = "release"

	name = attr.ib(type=bytes, validator=type_validator())
	message = attr.ib(type=Optional[bytes], validator=type_validator())
	target = attr.ib(type=Optional[Sha1Git], validator=type_validator())
	target_type = attr.ib(type=ObjectType, validator=type_validator())
	synthetic = attr.ib(type=bool, validator=type_validator())
	author = attr.ib(type=Optional[Person], validator=type_validator(), default=None)
	date = attr.ib(
	type=Optional[TimestampWithTimezone], validator=type_validator(), default=None
	)
	metadata = attr.ib(
	type=Optional[ImmutableDict[str, object]],
	validator=type_validator(),
	converter=freeze_optional_dict,
	default=None,
	)
	id = attr.ib(type=Sha1Git, validator=type_validator(), default=b"")

	def compute_hash(self) -> bytes:
	return hash_to_bytes(release_identifier(self.to_dict()))

	@author.validator
	def check_author(self, attribute, value):
	"""If the author is `None`, checks the date is `None` too."""
	if self.author is None and self.date is not None:
	raise ValueError("release date must be None if author is None.")

	def to_dict(self):
	rel = super().to_dict()
	if rel["metadata"] is None:
	del rel["metadata"]
	return rel

	@classmethod
	def from_dict(cls, d):
	d = d.copy()
	if d.get("author"):
	d["author"] = Person.from_dict(d["author"])
	if d.get("date"):
	d["date"] = TimestampWithTimezone.from_dict(d["date"])
	return cls(target_type=ObjectType(d.pop("target_type")), **d)

	def swhid(self) -> CoreSWHID:
	"""Returns a SWHID representing this object."""
	return CoreSWHID(object_type=SwhidObjectType.RELEASE, object_id=self.id)

	def anonymize(self) -> "Release":
	"""Returns an anonymized version of the Release object.

	Anonymization consists in replacing the author with an anonymized Person object.
	"""
	author = self.author and self.author.anonymize()
	return attr.evolve(self, author=author)


	class RevisionType(Enum):
	GIT = "git"
	TAR = "tar"
	DSC = "dsc"
	SUBVERSION = "svn"
	MERCURIAL = "hg"


	def tuplify_extra_headers(value: Iterable):
	return tuple((k, v) for k, v in value)


	@attr.s(frozen=True, slots=True)
	class Revision(HashableObject, BaseModel):
	object_type: Final = "revision"

	message = attr.ib(type=Optional[bytes], validator=type_validator())
	author = attr.ib(type=Person, validator=type_validator())
	committer = attr.ib(type=Person, validator=type_validator())
	date = attr.ib(type=Optional[TimestampWithTimezone], validator=type_validator())
	committer_date = attr.ib(
	type=Optional[TimestampWithTimezone], validator=type_validator()
	)
	type = attr.ib(type=RevisionType, validator=type_validator())
	directory = attr.ib(type=Sha1Git, validator=type_validator())
	synthetic = attr.ib(type=bool, validator=type_validator())
	metadata = attr.ib(
	type=Optional[ImmutableDict[str, object]],
	validator=type_validator(),
	converter=freeze_optional_dict,
	default=None,
	)
	parents = attr.ib(type=Tuple[Sha1Git, ...], validator=type_validator(), default=())
	id = attr.ib(type=Sha1Git, validator=type_validator(), default=b"")
	extra_headers = attr.ib(
	type=Tuple[Tuple[bytes, bytes], ...],
	validator=type_validator(),
	converter=tuplify_extra_headers,
	default=(),
	)

	def __attrs_post_init__(self):
	super().__attrs_post_init__()
	# ensure metadata is a deep copy of whatever was given, and if needed
	# extract extra_headers from there
	if self.metadata:
	metadata = self.metadata
	if not self.extra_headers and "extra_headers" in metadata:
	(extra_headers, metadata) = metadata.copy_pop("extra_headers")
	object.__setattr__(
	self, "extra_headers", tuplify_extra_headers(extra_headers),
	)
	attr.validate(self)
	object.__setattr__(self, "metadata", metadata)

	def compute_hash(self) -> bytes:
	return hash_to_bytes(revision_identifier(self.to_dict()))

	@classmethod
	def from_dict(cls, d):
	d = d.copy()
	date = d.pop("date")
	if date:
	date = TimestampWithTimezone.from_dict(date)

	committer_date = d.pop("committer_date")
	if committer_date:
	committer_date = TimestampWithTimezone.from_dict(committer_date)

	return cls(
	author=Person.from_dict(d.pop("author")),
	committer=Person.from_dict(d.pop("committer")),
	date=date,
	committer_date=committer_date,
	type=RevisionType(d.pop("type")),
	parents=tuple(d.pop("parents")), # for BW compat
	**d,
	)

	def swhid(self) -> CoreSWHID:
	"""Returns a SWHID representing this object."""
	return CoreSWHID(object_type=SwhidObjectType.REVISION, object_id=self.id)

	def anonymize(self) -> "Revision":
	"""Returns an anonymized version of the Revision object.

	Anonymization consists in replacing the author and committer with an anonymized
	Person object.
	"""
	return attr.evolve(
	self, author=self.author.anonymize(), committer=self.committer.anonymize()
	)


	@attr.s(frozen=True, slots=True)
	class DirectoryEntry(BaseModel):
	object_type: Final = "directory_entry"

	name = attr.ib(type=bytes, validator=type_validator())
	type = attr.ib(type=str, validator=attr.validators.in_(["file", "dir", "rev"]))
	target = attr.ib(type=Sha1Git, validator=type_validator())
	perms = attr.ib(type=int, validator=type_validator())
	"""Usually one of the values of `swh.model.from_disk.DentryPerms`."""


	@attr.s(frozen=True, slots=True)
	class Directory(HashableObject, BaseModel):
	object_type: Final = "directory"

	entries = attr.ib(type=Tuple[DirectoryEntry, ...], validator=type_validator())
	id = attr.ib(type=Sha1Git, validator=type_validator(), default=b"")

	def compute_hash(self) -> bytes:
	return hash_to_bytes(directory_identifier(self.to_dict()))

	@classmethod
	def from_dict(cls, d):
	d = d.copy()
	return cls(
	entries=tuple(
	DirectoryEntry.from_dict(entry) for entry in d.pop("entries")
	),
	**d,
	)

	def swhid(self) -> CoreSWHID:
	"""Returns a SWHID representing this object."""
	return CoreSWHID(object_type=SwhidObjectType.DIRECTORY, object_id=self.id)


	@attr.s(frozen=True, slots=True)
	class BaseContent(BaseModel):
	status = attr.ib(
	type=str, validator=attr.validators.in_(["visible", "hidden", "absent"])
	)

	@staticmethod
	def _hash_data(data: bytes):
	"""Hash some data, returning most of the fields of a content object"""
	d = MultiHash.from_data(data).digest()
	d["data"] = data
	d["length"] = len(data)

	return d

	@classmethod
	def from_dict(cls, d, use_subclass=True):
	if use_subclass:
	# Chooses a subclass to instantiate instead.
	if d["status"] == "absent":
	return SkippedContent.from_dict(d)
	else:
	return Content.from_dict(d)
	else:
	return super().from_dict(d)

	def get_hash(self, hash_name):
	if hash_name not in DEFAULT_ALGORITHMS:
	raise ValueError("{} is not a valid hash name.".format(hash_name))
	return getattr(self, hash_name)

	def hashes(self) -> Dict[str, bytes]:
	"""Returns a dictionary {hash_name: hash_value}"""
	return {algo: getattr(self, algo) for algo in DEFAULT_ALGORITHMS}


	@attr.s(frozen=True, slots=True)
	class Content(BaseContent):
	object_type: Final = "content"

	sha1 = attr.ib(type=bytes, validator=type_validator())
	sha1_git = attr.ib(type=Sha1Git, validator=type_validator())
	sha256 = attr.ib(type=bytes, validator=type_validator())
	blake2s256 = attr.ib(type=bytes, validator=type_validator())

	length = attr.ib(type=int, validator=type_validator())

	status = attr.ib(
	type=str,
	validator=attr.validators.in_(["visible", "hidden"]),
	default="visible",
	)

	data = attr.ib(type=Optional[bytes], validator=type_validator(), default=None)

	ctime = attr.ib(
	type=Optional[datetime.datetime],
	validator=type_validator(),
	default=None,
	eq=False,
	)

	@length.validator
	def check_length(self, attribute, value):
	"""Checks the length is positive."""
	if value < 0:
	raise ValueError("Length must be positive.")

	@ctime.validator
	def check_ctime(self, attribute, value):
	"""Checks the ctime has a timezone."""
	if value is not None and value.tzinfo is None:
	raise ValueError("ctime must be a timezone-aware datetime.")

	def to_dict(self):
	content = super().to_dict()
	if content["data"] is None:
	del content["data"]
	if content["ctime"] is None:
	del content["ctime"]
	return content

	@classmethod
	def from_data(cls, data, status="visible", ctime=None) -> "Content":
	"""Generate a Content from a given `data` byte string.

	This populates the Content with the hashes and length for the data
	passed as argument, as well as the data itself.
	"""
	d = cls._hash_data(data)
	d["status"] = status
	d["ctime"] = ctime
	return cls(**d)

	@classmethod
	def from_dict(cls, d):
	if isinstance(d.get("ctime"), str):
	d = d.copy()
	d["ctime"] = dateutil.parser.parse(d["ctime"])
	return super().from_dict(d, use_subclass=False)

	def with_data(self) -> "Content":
	"""Loads the `data` attribute; meaning that it is guaranteed not to
	be None after this call.

	This call is almost a no-op, but subclasses may overload this method
	to lazy-load data (eg. from disk or objstorage)."""
	if self.data is None:
	raise MissingData("Content data is None.")
	return self

	def unique_key(self) -> KeyType:
	return self.sha1 # TODO: use a dict of hashes

	def swhid(self) -> CoreSWHID:
	"""Returns a SWHID representing this object."""
	return CoreSWHID(object_type=SwhidObjectType.CONTENT, object_id=self.sha1_git)


	@attr.s(frozen=True, slots=True)
	class SkippedContent(BaseContent):
	object_type: Final = "skipped_content"

	sha1 = attr.ib(type=Optional[bytes], validator=type_validator())
	sha1_git = attr.ib(type=Optional[Sha1Git], validator=type_validator())
	sha256 = attr.ib(type=Optional[bytes], validator=type_validator())
	blake2s256 = attr.ib(type=Optional[bytes], validator=type_validator())

	length = attr.ib(type=Optional[int], validator=type_validator())

	status = attr.ib(type=str, validator=attr.validators.in_(["absent"]))
	reason = attr.ib(type=Optional[str], validator=type_validator(), default=None)

	origin = attr.ib(type=Optional[str], validator=type_validator(), default=None)

	ctime = attr.ib(
	type=Optional[datetime.datetime],
	validator=type_validator(),
	default=None,
	eq=False,
	)

	@reason.validator
	def check_reason(self, attribute, value):
	"""Checks the reason is full if status != absent."""
	assert self.reason == value
	if value is None:
	raise ValueError("Must provide a reason if content is absent.")

	@length.validator
	def check_length(self, attribute, value):
	"""Checks the length is positive or -1."""
	if value < -1:
	raise ValueError("Length must be positive or -1.")

	@ctime.validator
	def check_ctime(self, attribute, value):
	"""Checks the ctime has a timezone."""
	if value is not None and value.tzinfo is None:
	raise ValueError("ctime must be a timezone-aware datetime.")

	def to_dict(self):
	content = super().to_dict()
	if content["origin"] is None:
	del content["origin"]
	if content["ctime"] is None:
	del content["ctime"]
	return content

	@classmethod
	def from_data(
	cls, data: bytes, reason: str, ctime: Optional[datetime.datetime] = None
	) -> "SkippedContent":
	"""Generate a SkippedContent from a given `data` byte string.

	This populates the SkippedContent with the hashes and length for the
	data passed as argument.

	You can use `attr.evolve` on such a generated content to nullify some
	of its attributes, e.g. for tests.
	"""
	d = cls._hash_data(data)
	del d["data"]
	d["status"] = "absent"
	d["reason"] = reason
	d["ctime"] = ctime
	return cls(**d)

	@classmethod
	def from_dict(cls, d):
	d2 = d.copy()
	if d2.pop("data", None) is not None:
	raise ValueError('SkippedContent has no "data" attribute %r' % d)
	return super().from_dict(d2, use_subclass=False)

	def unique_key(self) -> KeyType:
	return self.hashes()


	class MetadataAuthorityType(Enum):
	DEPOSIT_CLIENT = "deposit_client"
	FORGE = "forge"
	REGISTRY = "registry"


	@attr.s(frozen=True, slots=True)
	class MetadataAuthority(BaseModel):
	"""Represents an entity that provides metadata about an origin or
	software artifact."""

	object_type: Final = "metadata_authority"

	type = attr.ib(type=MetadataAuthorityType, validator=type_validator())
	url = attr.ib(type=str, validator=type_validator())
	metadata = attr.ib(
	type=Optional[ImmutableDict[str, Any]],
	default=None,
	validator=type_validator(),
	converter=freeze_optional_dict,
	)

	def to_dict(self):
	d = super().to_dict()
	if d["metadata"] is None:
	del d["metadata"]
	return d

	@classmethod
	def from_dict(cls, d):
	d["type"] = MetadataAuthorityType(d["type"])
	return super().from_dict(d)

	def unique_key(self) -> KeyType:
	return {"type": self.type.value, "url": self.url}


	@attr.s(frozen=True, slots=True)
	class MetadataFetcher(BaseModel):
	"""Represents a software component used to fetch metadata from a metadata
	authority, and ingest them into the Software Heritage archive."""

	object_type: Final = "metadata_fetcher"

	name = attr.ib(type=str, validator=type_validator())
	version = attr.ib(type=str, validator=type_validator())
	metadata = attr.ib(
	type=Optional[ImmutableDict[str, Any]],
	default=None,
	validator=type_validator(),
	converter=freeze_optional_dict,
	)

	def to_dict(self):
	d = super().to_dict()
	if d["metadata"] is None:
	del d["metadata"]
	return d

	def unique_key(self) -> KeyType:
	return {"name": self.name, "version": self.version}


	@attr.s(frozen=True, slots=True)
	class RawExtrinsicMetadata(BaseModel):
	object_type: Final = "raw_extrinsic_metadata"

	# target object
	target = attr.ib(type=ExtendedSWHID, validator=type_validator())

	# source
	discovery_date = attr.ib(type=datetime.datetime, validator=type_validator())
	authority = attr.ib(type=MetadataAuthority, validator=type_validator())
	fetcher = attr.ib(type=MetadataFetcher, validator=type_validator())

	# the metadata itself
	format = attr.ib(type=str, validator=type_validator())
	metadata = attr.ib(type=bytes, validator=type_validator())

	# context
	origin = attr.ib(type=Optional[str], default=None, validator=type_validator())
	visit = attr.ib(type=Optional[int], default=None, validator=type_validator())
	- snapshot = attr.ib(type=Optional[SWHID], default=None, validator=type_validator())
	- release = attr.ib(type=Optional[SWHID], default=None, validator=type_validator())
	- revision = attr.ib(type=Optional[SWHID], default=None, validator=type_validator())
	+ snapshot = attr.ib(
	+ type=Optional[CoreSWHID], default=None, validator=type_validator()
	+ )
	+ release = attr.ib(
	+ type=Optional[CoreSWHID], default=None, validator=type_validator()
	+ )
	+ revision = attr.ib(
	+ type=Optional[CoreSWHID], default=None, validator=type_validator()
	+ )
	path = attr.ib(type=Optional[bytes], default=None, validator=type_validator())
	- directory = attr.ib(type=Optional[SWHID], default=None, validator=type_validator())
	+ directory = attr.ib(
	+ type=Optional[CoreSWHID], default=None, validator=type_validator()
	+ )

	@discovery_date.validator
	def check_discovery_date(self, attribute, value):
	"""Checks the discovery_date has a timezone."""
	if value is not None and value.tzinfo is None:
	raise ValueError("discovery_date must be a timezone-aware datetime.")

	@origin.validator
	def check_origin(self, attribute, value):
	if value is None:
	return

	if self.target.object_type not in (
	SwhidExtendedObjectType.SNAPSHOT,
	SwhidExtendedObjectType.RELEASE,
	SwhidExtendedObjectType.REVISION,
	SwhidExtendedObjectType.DIRECTORY,
	SwhidExtendedObjectType.CONTENT,
	):
	raise ValueError(
	f"Unexpected 'origin' context for "
	f"{self.target.object_type.name.lower()} object: {value}"
	)

	if value.startswith("swh:"):
	# Technically this is valid; but:
	# 1. SWHIDs are URIs, not URLs
	# 2. if a SWHID gets here, it's very likely to be a mistake
	# (and we can remove this check if it turns out there is a
	# legitimate use for it).
	raise ValueError(f"SWHID used as context origin URL: {value}")

	@visit.validator
	def check_visit(self, attribute, value):
	if value is None:
	return

	if self.target.object_type not in (
	SwhidExtendedObjectType.SNAPSHOT,
	SwhidExtendedObjectType.RELEASE,
	SwhidExtendedObjectType.REVISION,
	SwhidExtendedObjectType.DIRECTORY,
	SwhidExtendedObjectType.CONTENT,
	):
	raise ValueError(
	f"Unexpected 'visit' context for "
	f"{self.target.object_type.name.lower()} object: {value}"
	)

	if self.origin is None:
	raise ValueError("'origin' context must be set if 'visit' is.")

	if value <= 0:
	raise ValueError("Nonpositive visit id")

	@snapshot.validator
	def check_snapshot(self, attribute, value):
	if value is None:
	return

	if self.target.object_type not in (
	SwhidExtendedObjectType.RELEASE,
	SwhidExtendedObjectType.REVISION,
	SwhidExtendedObjectType.DIRECTORY,
	SwhidExtendedObjectType.CONTENT,
	):
	raise ValueError(
	f"Unexpected 'snapshot' context for "
	f"{self.target.object_type.name.lower()} object: {value}"
	)

	- self._check_swhid("snapshot", value)
	+ self._check_swhid(SwhidObjectType.SNAPSHOT, value)

	@release.validator
	def check_release(self, attribute, value):
	if value is None:
	return

	if self.target.object_type not in (
	SwhidExtendedObjectType.REVISION,
	SwhidExtendedObjectType.DIRECTORY,
	SwhidExtendedObjectType.CONTENT,
	):
	raise ValueError(
	f"Unexpected 'release' context for "
	f"{self.target.object_type.name.lower()} object: {value}"
	)

	- self._check_swhid("release", value)
	+ self._check_swhid(SwhidObjectType.RELEASE, value)

	@revision.validator
	def check_revision(self, attribute, value):
	if value is None:
	return

	if self.target.object_type not in (
	SwhidExtendedObjectType.DIRECTORY,
	SwhidExtendedObjectType.CONTENT,
	):
	raise ValueError(
	f"Unexpected 'revision' context for "
	f"{self.target.object_type.name.lower()} object: {value}"
	)

	- self._check_swhid("revision", value)
	+ self._check_swhid(SwhidObjectType.REVISION, value)

	@path.validator
	def check_path(self, attribute, value):
	if value is None:
	return

	if self.target.object_type not in (
	SwhidExtendedObjectType.DIRECTORY,
	SwhidExtendedObjectType.CONTENT,
	):
	raise ValueError(
	f"Unexpected 'path' context for "
	f"{self.target.object_type.name.lower()} object: {value}"
	)

	@directory.validator
	def check_directory(self, attribute, value):
	if value is None:
	return

	if self.target.object_type not in (SwhidExtendedObjectType.CONTENT,):
	raise ValueError(
	f"Unexpected 'directory' context for "
	f"{self.target.object_type.name.lower()} object: {value}"
	)

	- self._check_swhid("directory", value)
	+ self._check_swhid(SwhidObjectType.DIRECTORY, value)

	def _check_swhid(self, expected_object_type, swhid):
	if isinstance(swhid, str):
	raise ValueError(f"Expected SWHID, got a string: {swhid}")

	if swhid.object_type != expected_object_type:
	raise ValueError(
	- f"Expected SWHID type '{expected_object_type}', "
	- f"got '{swhid.object_type}' in {swhid}"
	+ f"Expected SWHID type '{expected_object_type.name.lower()}', "
	+ f"got '{swhid.object_type.name.lower()}' in {swhid}"
	)

	- if swhid.metadata:
	- raise ValueError(f"Expected core SWHID, but got: {swhid}")
	-
	def to_dict(self):
	d = super().to_dict()

	context_keys = (
	"origin",
	"visit",
	"snapshot",
	"release",
	"revision",
	"directory",
	"path",
	)
	for context_key in context_keys:
	if d[context_key] is None:
	del d[context_key]
	return d

	@classmethod
	def from_dict(cls, d):
	d = {
	**d,
	"target": ExtendedSWHID.from_string(d["target"]),
	"authority": MetadataAuthority.from_dict(d["authority"]),
	"fetcher": MetadataFetcher.from_dict(d["fetcher"]),
	}

	swhid_keys = ("snapshot", "release", "revision", "directory")
	for swhid_key in swhid_keys:
	if d.get(swhid_key):
	- d[swhid_key] = parse_swhid(d[swhid_key])
	+ d[swhid_key] = CoreSWHID.from_string(d[swhid_key])

	return super().from_dict(d)

	def unique_key(self) -> KeyType:
	return {
	"target": str(self.target),
	"authority_type": self.authority.type.value,
	"authority_url": self.authority.url,
	"discovery_date": str(self.discovery_date),
	"fetcher_name": self.fetcher.name,
	"fetcher_version": self.fetcher.version,
	}
	diff --git a/swh/model/tests/test_model.py b/swh/model/tests/test_model.py
	index 5dd61db..bb55463 100644
	--- a/swh/model/tests/test_model.py
	+++ b/swh/model/tests/test_model.py
	@@ -1,1157 +1,1111 @@
	# Copyright (C) 2019-2020 The Software Heritage developers
	# See the AUTHORS file at the top-level directory of this distribution
	# License: GNU General Public License version 3, or any later version
	# See top-level LICENSE file for more information

	import copy
	import datetime

	import attr
	from attrs_strict import AttributeTypeError
	from hypothesis import given
	from hypothesis.strategies import binary
	import pytest

	from swh.model.hashutil import MultiHash, hash_to_bytes, hash_to_hex
	import swh.model.hypothesis_strategies as strategies
	from swh.model.identifiers import (
	- SWHID,
	+ CoreSWHID,
	ExtendedSWHID,
	+ ObjectType,
	content_identifier,
	directory_identifier,
	origin_identifier,
	release_identifier,
	revision_identifier,
	snapshot_identifier,
	)
	from swh.model.model import (
	BaseModel,
	Content,
	Directory,
	MetadataAuthority,
	MetadataAuthorityType,
	MetadataFetcher,
	MissingData,
	Origin,
	OriginVisit,
	OriginVisitStatus,
	Person,
	RawExtrinsicMetadata,
	Release,
	Revision,
	SkippedContent,
	Snapshot,
	Timestamp,
	TimestampWithTimezone,
	)
	from swh.model.tests.test_identifiers import (
	content_example,
	directory_example,
	origin_example,
	release_example,
	revision_example,
	snapshot_example,
	)

	+EXAMPLE_HASH = hash_to_bytes("94a9ed024d3859793618152ea559a168bbcbb5e2")
	+

	@given(strategies.objects())
	def test_todict_inverse_fromdict(objtype_and_obj):
	(obj_type, obj) = objtype_and_obj

	if obj_type in ("origin", "origin_visit"):
	return

	obj_as_dict = obj.to_dict()
	obj_as_dict_copy = copy.deepcopy(obj_as_dict)

	# Check the composition of to_dict and from_dict is the identity
	assert obj == type(obj).from_dict(obj_as_dict)

	# Check from_dict() does not change the input dict
	assert obj_as_dict == obj_as_dict_copy

	# Check the composition of from_dict and to_dict is the identity
	assert obj_as_dict == type(obj).from_dict(obj_as_dict).to_dict()


	def test_unique_key():
	url = "http://example.org/"
	date = datetime.datetime.now(tz=datetime.timezone.utc)
	id_ = b"42" * 10
	assert Origin(url=url).unique_key() == {"url": url}
	assert OriginVisit(origin=url, date=date, type="git").unique_key() == {
	"origin": url,
	"date": str(date),
	}
	assert OriginVisitStatus(
	origin=url, visit=42, date=date, status="created", snapshot=None
	).unique_key() == {"origin": url, "visit": "42", "date": str(date),}

	assert Snapshot.from_dict({**snapshot_example, "id": id_}).unique_key() == id_
	assert Release.from_dict({**release_example, "id": id_}).unique_key() == id_
	assert Revision.from_dict({**revision_example, "id": id_}).unique_key() == id_
	assert Directory.from_dict({**directory_example, "id": id_}).unique_key() == id_

	cont = Content.from_data(b"foo")
	assert cont.unique_key().hex() == "0beec7b5ea3f0fdbc95d0dd47f3c5bc275da8a33"

	kwargs = {
	**cont.to_dict(),
	"reason": "foo",
	"status": "absent",
	}
	del kwargs["data"]
	assert SkippedContent(**kwargs).unique_key() == cont.hashes()


	# Anonymization


	@given(strategies.objects())
	def test_anonymization(objtype_and_obj):
	(obj_type, obj) = objtype_and_obj

	def check_person(p):
	if p is not None:
	assert p.name is None
	assert p.email is None
	assert len(p.fullname) == 32

	anon_obj = obj.anonymize()
	if obj_type == "person":
	assert anon_obj is not None
	check_person(anon_obj)
	elif obj_type == "release":
	assert anon_obj is not None
	check_person(anon_obj.author)
	elif obj_type == "revision":
	assert anon_obj is not None
	check_person(anon_obj.author)
	check_person(anon_obj.committer)
	else:
	assert anon_obj is None


	# Origin, OriginVisit, OriginVisitStatus


	@given(strategies.origins())
	def test_todict_origins(origin):
	obj = origin.to_dict()

	assert "type" not in obj
	assert type(origin)(url=origin.url) == type(origin).from_dict(obj)


	@given(strategies.origin_visits())
	def test_todict_origin_visits(origin_visit):
	obj = origin_visit.to_dict()

	assert origin_visit == type(origin_visit).from_dict(obj)


	def test_origin_visit_naive_datetime():
	with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="must be a timezone-aware datetime"):
	OriginVisit(
	origin="http://foo/", date=datetime.datetime.now(), type="git",
	)


	@given(strategies.origin_visit_statuses())
	def test_todict_origin_visit_statuses(origin_visit_status):
	obj = origin_visit_status.to_dict()

	assert origin_visit_status == type(origin_visit_status).from_dict(obj)


	def test_origin_visit_status_naive_datetime():
	with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="must be a timezone-aware datetime"):
	OriginVisitStatus(
	origin="http://foo/",
	visit=42,
	date=datetime.datetime.now(),
	status="ongoing",
	snapshot=None,
	)


	# Timestamp


	@given(strategies.timestamps())
	def test_timestamps_strategy(timestamp):
	attr.validate(timestamp)


	def test_timestamp_seconds():
	attr.validate(Timestamp(seconds=0, microseconds=0))
	with pytest.raises(AttributeTypeError):
	Timestamp(seconds="0", microseconds=0)

	attr.validate(Timestamp(seconds=2 ** 63 - 1, microseconds=0))
	with pytest.raises(ValueError):
	Timestamp(seconds=2 ** 63, microseconds=0)

	attr.validate(Timestamp(seconds=-(2 ** 63), microseconds=0))
	with pytest.raises(ValueError):
	Timestamp(seconds=-(2 ** 63) - 1, microseconds=0)


	def test_timestamp_microseconds():
	attr.validate(Timestamp(seconds=0, microseconds=0))
	with pytest.raises(AttributeTypeError):
	Timestamp(seconds=0, microseconds="0")

	attr.validate(Timestamp(seconds=0, microseconds=10 ** 6 - 1))
	with pytest.raises(ValueError):
	Timestamp(seconds=0, microseconds=10 ** 6)

	with pytest.raises(ValueError):
	Timestamp(seconds=0, microseconds=-1)


	def test_timestamp_from_dict():
	assert Timestamp.from_dict({"seconds": 10, "microseconds": 5})

	with pytest.raises(AttributeTypeError):
	Timestamp.from_dict({"seconds": "10", "microseconds": 5})

	with pytest.raises(AttributeTypeError):
	Timestamp.from_dict({"seconds": 10, "microseconds": "5"})
	with pytest.raises(ValueError):
	Timestamp.from_dict({"seconds": 0, "microseconds": -1})

	Timestamp.from_dict({"seconds": 0, "microseconds": 10 ** 6 - 1})
	with pytest.raises(ValueError):
	Timestamp.from_dict({"seconds": 0, "microseconds": 10 ** 6})


	# TimestampWithTimezone


	def test_timestampwithtimezone():
	ts = Timestamp(seconds=0, microseconds=0)
	tstz = TimestampWithTimezone(timestamp=ts, offset=0, negative_utc=False)
	attr.validate(tstz)
	assert tstz.negative_utc is False

	attr.validate(TimestampWithTimezone(timestamp=ts, offset=10, negative_utc=False))

	attr.validate(TimestampWithTimezone(timestamp=ts, offset=-10, negative_utc=False))

	tstz = TimestampWithTimezone(timestamp=ts, offset=0, negative_utc=True)
	attr.validate(tstz)
	assert tstz.negative_utc is True

	with pytest.raises(AttributeTypeError):
	TimestampWithTimezone(
	timestamp=datetime.datetime.now(), offset=0, negative_utc=False
	)

	with pytest.raises(AttributeTypeError):
	TimestampWithTimezone(timestamp=ts, offset="0", negative_utc=False)

	with pytest.raises(AttributeTypeError):
	TimestampWithTimezone(timestamp=ts, offset=1.0, negative_utc=False)

	with pytest.raises(AttributeTypeError):
	TimestampWithTimezone(timestamp=ts, offset=1, negative_utc=0)

	with pytest.raises(ValueError):
	TimestampWithTimezone(timestamp=ts, offset=1, negative_utc=True)

	with pytest.raises(ValueError):
	TimestampWithTimezone(timestamp=ts, offset=-1, negative_utc=True)


	def test_timestampwithtimezone_from_datetime():
	tz = datetime.timezone(datetime.timedelta(minutes=+60))
	date = datetime.datetime(2020, 2, 27, 14, 39, 19, tzinfo=tz)

	tstz = TimestampWithTimezone.from_datetime(date)

	assert tstz == TimestampWithTimezone(
	timestamp=Timestamp(seconds=1582810759, microseconds=0,),
	offset=60,
	negative_utc=False,
	)


	def test_timestampwithtimezone_from_naive_datetime():
	date = datetime.datetime(2020, 2, 27, 14, 39, 19)

	with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="datetime without timezone"):
	TimestampWithTimezone.from_datetime(date)


	def test_timestampwithtimezone_from_iso8601():
	date = "2020-02-27 14:39:19.123456+0100"

	tstz = TimestampWithTimezone.from_iso8601(date)

	assert tstz == TimestampWithTimezone(
	timestamp=Timestamp(seconds=1582810759, microseconds=123456,),
	offset=60,
	negative_utc=False,
	)


	def test_timestampwithtimezone_from_iso8601_negative_utc():
	date = "2020-02-27 13:39:19-0000"

	tstz = TimestampWithTimezone.from_iso8601(date)

	assert tstz == TimestampWithTimezone(
	timestamp=Timestamp(seconds=1582810759, microseconds=0,),
	offset=0,
	negative_utc=True,
	)


	def test_person_from_fullname():
	"""The author should have name, email and fullname filled.

	"""
	actual_person = Person.from_fullname(b"tony <ynot@dagobah>")
	assert actual_person == Person(
	fullname=b"tony <ynot@dagobah>", name=b"tony", email=b"ynot@dagobah",
	)


	def test_person_from_fullname_no_email():
	"""The author and fullname should be the same as the input (author).

	"""
	actual_person = Person.from_fullname(b"tony")
	assert actual_person == Person(fullname=b"tony", name=b"tony", email=None,)


	def test_person_from_fullname_empty_person():
	"""Empty person has only its fullname filled with the empty
	byte-string.

	"""
	actual_person = Person.from_fullname(b"")
	assert actual_person == Person(fullname=b"", name=None, email=None,)


	def test_git_author_line_to_author():
	# edge case out of the way
	with pytest.raises(TypeError):
	Person.from_fullname(None)

	tests = {
	b"a <b@c.com>": Person(name=b"a", email=b"b@c.com", fullname=b"a <b@c.com>",),
	b"<foo@bar.com>": Person(
	name=None, email=b"foo@bar.com", fullname=b"<foo@bar.com>",
	),
	b"malformed <email": Person(
	name=b"malformed", email=b"email", fullname=b"malformed <email"
	),
	b'malformed <"<br"@ckets>': Person(
	name=b"malformed",
	email=b'"<br"@ckets',
	fullname=b'malformed <"<br"@ckets>',
	),
	b"trailing <sp@c.e> ": Person(
	name=b"trailing", email=b"sp@c.e", fullname=b"trailing <sp@c.e> ",
	),
	b"no<sp@c.e>": Person(name=b"no", email=b"sp@c.e", fullname=b"no<sp@c.e>",),
	b" more <sp@c.es>": Person(
	name=b"more", email=b"sp@c.es", fullname=b" more <sp@c.es>",
	),
	b" <>": Person(name=None, email=None, fullname=b" <>",),
	}

	for person in sorted(tests):
	expected_person = tests[person]
	assert expected_person == Person.from_fullname(person)


	# Content


	def test_content_get_hash():
	hashes = dict(sha1=b"foo", sha1_git=b"bar", sha256=b"baz", blake2s256=b"qux")
	c = Content(length=42, status="visible", **hashes)
	for (hash_name, hash_) in hashes.items():
	assert c.get_hash(hash_name) == hash_


	def test_content_hashes():
	hashes = dict(sha1=b"foo", sha1_git=b"bar", sha256=b"baz", blake2s256=b"qux")
	c = Content(length=42, status="visible", **hashes)
	assert c.hashes() == hashes


	def test_content_data():
	c = Content(
	length=42,
	status="visible",
	data=b"foo",
	sha1=b"foo",
	sha1_git=b"bar",
	sha256=b"baz",
	blake2s256=b"qux",
	)
	assert c.with_data() == c


	def test_content_data_missing():
	c = Content(
	length=42,
	status="visible",
	sha1=b"foo",
	sha1_git=b"bar",
	sha256=b"baz",
	blake2s256=b"qux",
	)
	with pytest.raises(MissingData):
	c.with_data()


	@given(strategies.present_contents_d())
	def test_content_from_dict(content_d):
	c = Content.from_data(**content_d)
	assert c
	assert c.ctime == content_d["ctime"]

	content_d2 = c.to_dict()
	c2 = Content.from_dict(content_d2)
	assert c2.ctime == c.ctime


	def test_content_from_dict_str_ctime():
	# test with ctime as a string
	n = datetime.datetime(2020, 5, 6, 12, 34, tzinfo=datetime.timezone.utc)
	content_d = {
	"ctime": n.isoformat(),
	"data": b"",
	"length": 0,
	"sha1": b"\x00",
	"sha256": b"\x00",
	"sha1_git": b"\x00",
	"blake2s256": b"\x00",
	}
	c = Content.from_dict(content_d)
	assert c.ctime == n


	def test_content_from_dict_str_naive_ctime():
	# test with ctime as a string
	n = datetime.datetime(2020, 5, 6, 12, 34)
	content_d = {
	"ctime": n.isoformat(),
	"data": b"",
	"length": 0,
	"sha1": b"\x00",
	"sha256": b"\x00",
	"sha1_git": b"\x00",
	"blake2s256": b"\x00",
	}
	with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="must be a timezone-aware datetime."):
	Content.from_dict(content_d)


	@given(binary(max_size=4096))
	def test_content_from_data(data):
	c = Content.from_data(data)
	assert c.data == data
	assert c.length == len(data)
	assert c.status == "visible"
	for key, value in MultiHash.from_data(data).digest().items():
	assert getattr(c, key) == value


	@given(binary(max_size=4096))
	def test_hidden_content_from_data(data):
	c = Content.from_data(data, status="hidden")
	assert c.data == data
	assert c.length == len(data)
	assert c.status == "hidden"
	for key, value in MultiHash.from_data(data).digest().items():
	assert getattr(c, key) == value


	def test_content_naive_datetime():
	c = Content.from_data(b"foo")
	with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="must be a timezone-aware datetime"):
	Content(
	**c.to_dict(), ctime=datetime.datetime.now(),
	)


	# SkippedContent


	@given(binary(max_size=4096))
	def test_skipped_content_from_data(data):
	c = SkippedContent.from_data(data, reason="reason")
	assert c.reason == "reason"
	assert c.length == len(data)
	assert c.status == "absent"
	for key, value in MultiHash.from_data(data).digest().items():
	assert getattr(c, key) == value


	@given(strategies.skipped_contents_d())
	def test_skipped_content_origin_is_str(skipped_content_d):
	assert SkippedContent.from_dict(skipped_content_d)

	skipped_content_d["origin"] = "http://path/to/origin"
	assert SkippedContent.from_dict(skipped_content_d)

	skipped_content_d["origin"] = Origin(url="http://path/to/origin")
	with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="origin"):
	SkippedContent.from_dict(skipped_content_d)


	def test_skipped_content_naive_datetime():
	c = SkippedContent.from_data(b"foo", reason="reason")
	with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="must be a timezone-aware datetime"):
	SkippedContent(
	**c.to_dict(), ctime=datetime.datetime.now(),
	)


	# Revision


	def test_revision_extra_headers_no_headers():
	rev_dict = revision_example.copy()
	rev_dict.pop("id")
	rev = Revision.from_dict(rev_dict)
	rev_dict = attr.asdict(rev, recurse=False)

	rev_model = Revision(**rev_dict)
	assert rev_model.metadata is None
	assert rev_model.extra_headers == ()

	rev_dict["metadata"] = {
	"something": "somewhere",
	"some other thing": "stranger",
	}
	rev_model = Revision(**rev_dict)
	assert rev_model.metadata == rev_dict["metadata"]
	assert rev_model.extra_headers == ()


	def test_revision_extra_headers_with_headers():
	rev_dict = revision_example.copy()
	rev_dict.pop("id")
	rev = Revision.from_dict(rev_dict)
	rev_dict = attr.asdict(rev, recurse=False)
	rev_dict["metadata"] = {
	"something": "somewhere",
	"some other thing": "stranger",
	}
	extra_headers = (
	(b"header1", b"value1"),
	(b"header2", b"42"),
	(b"header3", b"should I?\x00"),
	(b"header1", b"again"),
	)

	rev_dict["extra_headers"] = extra_headers
	rev_model = Revision(**rev_dict)
	assert "extra_headers" not in rev_model.metadata
	assert rev_model.extra_headers == extra_headers


	def test_revision_extra_headers_in_metadata():
	rev_dict = revision_example.copy()
	rev_dict.pop("id")
	rev = Revision.from_dict(rev_dict)
	rev_dict = attr.asdict(rev, recurse=False)
	rev_dict["metadata"] = {
	"something": "somewhere",
	"some other thing": "stranger",
	}

	extra_headers = (
	(b"header1", b"value1"),
	(b"header2", b"42"),
	(b"header3", b"should I?\x00"),
	(b"header1", b"again"),
	)

	# check the bw-compat init hook does the job
	# ie. extra_headers are given in the metadata field
	rev_dict["metadata"]["extra_headers"] = extra_headers
	rev_model = Revision(**rev_dict)
	assert "extra_headers" not in rev_model.metadata
	assert rev_model.extra_headers == extra_headers


	def test_revision_extra_headers_as_lists():
	rev_dict = revision_example.copy()
	rev_dict.pop("id")
	rev = Revision.from_dict(rev_dict)
	rev_dict = attr.asdict(rev, recurse=False)
	rev_dict["metadata"] = {}

	extra_headers = (
	(b"header1", b"value1"),
	(b"header2", b"42"),
	(b"header3", b"should I?\x00"),
	(b"header1", b"again"),
	)

	# check Revision.extra_headers tuplify does the job
	rev_dict["extra_headers"] = [list(x) for x in extra_headers]
	rev_model = Revision(**rev_dict)
	assert "extra_headers" not in rev_model.metadata
	assert rev_model.extra_headers == extra_headers


	def test_revision_extra_headers_type_error():
	rev_dict = revision_example.copy()
	rev_dict.pop("id")
	rev = Revision.from_dict(rev_dict)
	orig_rev_dict = attr.asdict(rev, recurse=False)
	orig_rev_dict["metadata"] = {
	"something": "somewhere",
	"some other thing": "stranger",
	}
	extra_headers = (
	("header1", b"value1"),
	(b"header2", 42),
	("header1", "again"),
	)
	# check headers one at a time
	# if given as extra_header
	for extra_header in extra_headers:
	rev_dict = copy.deepcopy(orig_rev_dict)
	rev_dict["extra_headers"] = (extra_header,)
	with pytest.raises(AttributeTypeError):
	Revision(**rev_dict)
	# if given as metadata
	for extra_header in extra_headers:
	rev_dict = copy.deepcopy(orig_rev_dict)
	rev_dict["metadata"]["extra_headers"] = (extra_header,)
	with pytest.raises(AttributeTypeError):
	Revision(**rev_dict)


	def test_revision_extra_headers_from_dict():
	rev_dict = revision_example.copy()
	rev_dict.pop("id")
	rev_model = Revision.from_dict(rev_dict)
	assert rev_model.metadata is None
	assert rev_model.extra_headers == ()

	rev_dict["metadata"] = {
	"something": "somewhere",
	"some other thing": "stranger",
	}
	rev_model = Revision.from_dict(rev_dict)
	assert rev_model.metadata == rev_dict["metadata"]
	assert rev_model.extra_headers == ()

	extra_headers = (
	(b"header1", b"value1"),
	(b"header2", b"42"),
	(b"header3", b"should I?\nmaybe\x00\xff"),
	(b"header1", b"again"),
	)
	rev_dict["extra_headers"] = extra_headers
	rev_model = Revision.from_dict(rev_dict)
	assert "extra_headers" not in rev_model.metadata
	assert rev_model.extra_headers == extra_headers


	def test_revision_extra_headers_in_metadata_from_dict():
	rev_dict = revision_example.copy()
	rev_dict.pop("id")

	rev_dict["metadata"] = {
	"something": "somewhere",
	"some other thing": "stranger",
	}
	extra_headers = (
	(b"header1", b"value1"),
	(b"header2", b"42"),
	(b"header3", b"should I?\nmaybe\x00\xff"),
	(b"header1", b"again"),
	)
	# check the bw-compat init hook does the job
	rev_dict["metadata"]["extra_headers"] = extra_headers
	rev_model = Revision.from_dict(rev_dict)
	assert "extra_headers" not in rev_model.metadata
	assert rev_model.extra_headers == extra_headers


	def test_revision_extra_headers_as_lists_from_dict():
	rev_dict = revision_example.copy()
	rev_dict.pop("id")
	rev_model = Revision.from_dict(rev_dict)
	rev_dict["metadata"] = {
	"something": "somewhere",
	"some other thing": "stranger",
	}
	extra_headers = (
	(b"header1", b"value1"),
	(b"header2", b"42"),
	(b"header3", b"should I?\nmaybe\x00\xff"),
	(b"header1", b"again"),
	)
	# check Revision.extra_headers converter does the job
	rev_dict["extra_headers"] = [list(x) for x in extra_headers]
	rev_model = Revision.from_dict(rev_dict)
	assert "extra_headers" not in rev_model.metadata
	assert rev_model.extra_headers == extra_headers


	# ID computation


	def test_content_model_id_computation():
	cnt_dict = content_example.copy()

	cnt_id_str = hash_to_hex(content_identifier(cnt_dict)["sha1_git"])
	cnt_model = Content.from_data(cnt_dict["data"])
	assert str(cnt_model.swhid()) == "swh:1:cnt:" + cnt_id_str


	def test_directory_model_id_computation():
	dir_dict = directory_example.copy()
	del dir_dict["id"]

	dir_id_str = directory_identifier(dir_dict)
	dir_id = hash_to_bytes(dir_id_str)
	dir_model = Directory.from_dict(dir_dict)
	assert dir_model.id == dir_id
	assert str(dir_model.swhid()) == "swh:1:dir:" + dir_id_str


	def test_revision_model_id_computation():
	rev_dict = revision_example.copy()
	del rev_dict["id"]

	rev_id_str = revision_identifier(rev_dict)
	rev_id = hash_to_bytes(rev_id_str)
	rev_model = Revision.from_dict(rev_dict)
	assert rev_model.id == rev_id
	assert str(rev_model.swhid()) == "swh:1:rev:" + rev_id_str


	def test_revision_model_id_computation_with_no_date():
	"""We can have revision with date to None

	"""
	rev_dict = revision_example.copy()
	rev_dict["date"] = None
	rev_dict["committer_date"] = None
	del rev_dict["id"]

	rev_id = hash_to_bytes(revision_identifier(rev_dict))
	rev_model = Revision.from_dict(rev_dict)
	assert rev_model.date is None
	assert rev_model.committer_date is None
	assert rev_model.id == rev_id


	def test_release_model_id_computation():
	rel_dict = release_example.copy()
	del rel_dict["id"]

	rel_id_str = release_identifier(rel_dict)
	rel_id = hash_to_bytes(rel_id_str)
	rel_model = Release.from_dict(rel_dict)
	assert isinstance(rel_model.date, TimestampWithTimezone)
	assert rel_model.id == hash_to_bytes(rel_id)
	assert str(rel_model.swhid()) == "swh:1:rel:" + rel_id_str


	def test_snapshot_model_id_computation():
	snp_dict = snapshot_example.copy()
	del snp_dict["id"]

	snp_id_str = snapshot_identifier(snp_dict)
	snp_id = hash_to_bytes(snp_id_str)
	snp_model = Snapshot.from_dict(snp_dict)
	assert snp_model.id == snp_id
	assert str(snp_model.swhid()) == "swh:1:snp:" + snp_id_str


	def test_origin_model_id_computation():
	ori_dict = origin_example.copy()

	ori_id_str = origin_identifier(ori_dict)
	ori_model = Origin.from_dict(ori_dict)
	assert str(ori_model.swhid()) == "swh:1:ori:" + ori_id_str


	@given(strategies.objects(split_content=True))
	def test_object_type(objtype_and_obj):
	obj_type, obj = objtype_and_obj
	assert obj_type == obj.object_type


	def test_object_type_is_final():
	object_types = set()

	def check_final(cls):
	if hasattr(cls, "object_type"):
	assert cls.object_type not in object_types
	object_types.add(cls.object_type)
	if cls.__subclasses__():
	assert not hasattr(cls, "object_type")
	for subcls in cls.__subclasses__():
	check_final(subcls)

	check_final(BaseModel)


	_metadata_authority = MetadataAuthority(
	type=MetadataAuthorityType.FORGE, url="https://forge.softwareheritage.org",
	)
	_metadata_fetcher = MetadataFetcher(name="test-fetcher", version="0.0.1",)
	_content_swhid = ExtendedSWHID.from_string(
	"swh:1:cnt:94a9ed024d3859793618152ea559a168bbcbb5e2"
	)
	_origin_url = "https://forge.softwareheritage.org/source/swh-model.git"
	_origin_swhid = ExtendedSWHID.from_string(
	"swh:1:ori:94a9ed024d3859793618152ea559a168bbcbb5e2"
	)
	_dummy_qualifiers = {"origin": "https://example.com", "lines": "42"}
	_common_metadata_fields = dict(
	discovery_date=datetime.datetime.now(tz=datetime.timezone.utc),
	authority=_metadata_authority,
	fetcher=_metadata_fetcher,
	format="json",
	metadata=b'{"origin": "https://example.com", "lines": "42"}',
	)


	def test_metadata_valid():
	"""Checks valid RawExtrinsicMetadata objects don't raise an error."""

	# Simplest case
	RawExtrinsicMetadata(target=_origin_swhid, **_common_metadata_fields)

	# Object with an SWHID
	RawExtrinsicMetadata(
	target=_content_swhid, **_common_metadata_fields,
	)


	def test_metadata_to_dict():
	"""Checks valid RawExtrinsicMetadata objects don't raise an error."""

	common_fields = {
	"authority": {"type": "forge", "url": "https://forge.softwareheritage.org"},
	"fetcher": {"name": "test-fetcher", "version": "0.0.1",},
	"discovery_date": _common_metadata_fields["discovery_date"],
	"format": "json",
	"metadata": b'{"origin": "https://example.com", "lines": "42"}',
	}

	m = RawExtrinsicMetadata(target=_origin_swhid, **_common_metadata_fields,)
	assert m.to_dict() == {
	"target": str(_origin_swhid),
	**common_fields,
	}
	assert RawExtrinsicMetadata.from_dict(m.to_dict()) == m

	m = RawExtrinsicMetadata(target=_content_swhid, **_common_metadata_fields,)
	assert m.to_dict() == {
	"target": "swh:1:cnt:94a9ed024d3859793618152ea559a168bbcbb5e2",
	**common_fields,
	}
	assert RawExtrinsicMetadata.from_dict(m.to_dict()) == m

	+ hash_hex = "6162" * 10
	+ hash_bin = b"ab" * 10
	+ m = RawExtrinsicMetadata(
	+ target=_content_swhid,
	+ **_common_metadata_fields,
	+ origin="https://example.org/",
	+ snapshot=CoreSWHID(object_type=ObjectType.SNAPSHOT, object_id=hash_bin),
	+ release=CoreSWHID(object_type=ObjectType.RELEASE, object_id=hash_bin),
	+ revision=CoreSWHID(object_type=ObjectType.REVISION, object_id=hash_bin),
	+ path=b"/foo/bar",
	+ directory=CoreSWHID(object_type=ObjectType.DIRECTORY, object_id=hash_bin),
	+ )
	+ assert m.to_dict() == {
	+ "target": "swh:1:cnt:94a9ed024d3859793618152ea559a168bbcbb5e2",
	+ **common_fields,
	+ "origin": "https://example.org/",
	+ "snapshot": f"swh:1:snp:{hash_hex}",
	+ "release": f"swh:1:rel:{hash_hex}",
	+ "revision": f"swh:1:rev:{hash_hex}",
	+ "path": b"/foo/bar",
	+ "directory": f"swh:1:dir:{hash_hex}",
	+ }
	+ assert RawExtrinsicMetadata.from_dict(m.to_dict()) == m
	+

	def test_metadata_invalid_target():
	"""Checks various invalid values for the 'target' field."""
	# SWHID passed as string instead of SWHID
	with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="target must be.*ExtendedSWHID"):
	RawExtrinsicMetadata(
	target="swh:1:cnt:94a9ed024d3859793618152ea559a168bbcbb5e2",
	**_common_metadata_fields,
	)


	def test_metadata_naive_datetime():
	with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="must be a timezone-aware datetime"):
	RawExtrinsicMetadata(
	target=_origin_swhid,
	{_common_metadata_fields, "discovery_date": datetime.datetime.now()},
	)


	def test_metadata_validate_context_origin():
	"""Checks validation of RawExtrinsicMetadata.origin."""

	# Origins can't have an 'origin' context
	with pytest.raises(
	ValueError, match="Unexpected 'origin' context for origin object"
	):
	RawExtrinsicMetadata(
	target=_origin_swhid, origin=_origin_url, **_common_metadata_fields,
	)

	# but all other types can
	RawExtrinsicMetadata(
	target=_content_swhid, origin=_origin_url, **_common_metadata_fields,
	)

	# SWHIDs aren't valid origin URLs
	with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="SWHID used as context origin URL"):
	RawExtrinsicMetadata(
	target=_content_swhid,
	origin="swh:1:cnt:94a9ed024d3859793618152ea559a168bbcbb5e2",
	**_common_metadata_fields,
	)


	def test_metadata_validate_context_visit():
	"""Checks validation of RawExtrinsicMetadata.visit."""

	# Origins can't have a 'visit' context
	with pytest.raises(
	ValueError, match="Unexpected 'visit' context for origin object"
	):
	RawExtrinsicMetadata(
	target=_origin_swhid, visit=42, **_common_metadata_fields,
	)

	# but all other types can
	RawExtrinsicMetadata(
	target=_content_swhid, origin=_origin_url, visit=42, **_common_metadata_fields,
	)

	# Missing 'origin'
	with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="'origin' context must be set if 'visit' is"):
	RawExtrinsicMetadata(
	target=_content_swhid, visit=42, **_common_metadata_fields,
	)

	# visit id must be positive
	with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Nonpositive visit id"):
	RawExtrinsicMetadata(
	target=_content_swhid,
	origin=_origin_url,
	visit=-42,
	**_common_metadata_fields,
	)


	def test_metadata_validate_context_snapshot():
	"""Checks validation of RawExtrinsicMetadata.snapshot."""

	# Origins can't have a 'snapshot' context
	with pytest.raises(
	ValueError, match="Unexpected 'snapshot' context for origin object"
	):
	RawExtrinsicMetadata(
	target=_origin_swhid,
	- snapshot=SWHID(
	- object_type="snapshot",
	- object_id="94a9ed024d3859793618152ea559a168bbcbb5e2",
	+ snapshot=CoreSWHID(
	+ object_type=ObjectType.SNAPSHOT, object_id=EXAMPLE_HASH,
	),
	**_common_metadata_fields,
	)

	# but content can
	RawExtrinsicMetadata(
	target=_content_swhid,
	- snapshot=SWHID(
	- object_type="snapshot", object_id="94a9ed024d3859793618152ea559a168bbcbb5e2"
	- ),
	+ snapshot=CoreSWHID(object_type=ObjectType.SNAPSHOT, object_id=EXAMPLE_HASH),
	**_common_metadata_fields,
	)

	- # Non-core SWHID
	- with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Expected core SWHID"):
	- RawExtrinsicMetadata(
	- target=_content_swhid,
	- snapshot=SWHID(
	- object_type="snapshot",
	- object_id="94a9ed024d3859793618152ea559a168bbcbb5e2",
	- metadata=_dummy_qualifiers,
	- ),
	- **_common_metadata_fields,
	- )
	-
	# SWHID type doesn't match the expected type of this context key
	with pytest.raises(
	ValueError, match="Expected SWHID type 'snapshot', got 'content'"
	):
	RawExtrinsicMetadata(
	target=_content_swhid,
	- snapshot=SWHID(
	- object_type="content",
	- object_id="94a9ed024d3859793618152ea559a168bbcbb5e2",
	- ),
	+ snapshot=CoreSWHID(object_type=ObjectType.CONTENT, object_id=EXAMPLE_HASH,),
	**_common_metadata_fields,
	)


	def test_metadata_validate_context_release():
	"""Checks validation of RawExtrinsicMetadata.release."""

	# Origins can't have a 'release' context
	with pytest.raises(
	ValueError, match="Unexpected 'release' context for origin object"
	):
	RawExtrinsicMetadata(
	target=_origin_swhid,
	- release=SWHID(
	- object_type="release",
	- object_id="94a9ed024d3859793618152ea559a168bbcbb5e2",
	- ),
	+ release=CoreSWHID(object_type=ObjectType.RELEASE, object_id=EXAMPLE_HASH,),
	**_common_metadata_fields,
	)

	# but content can
	RawExtrinsicMetadata(
	target=_content_swhid,
	- release=SWHID(
	- object_type="release", object_id="94a9ed024d3859793618152ea559a168bbcbb5e2"
	- ),
	+ release=CoreSWHID(object_type=ObjectType.RELEASE, object_id=EXAMPLE_HASH),
	**_common_metadata_fields,
	)

	- # Non-core SWHID
	- with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Expected core SWHID"):
	- RawExtrinsicMetadata(
	- target=_content_swhid,
	- release=SWHID(
	- object_type="release",
	- object_id="94a9ed024d3859793618152ea559a168bbcbb5e2",
	- metadata=_dummy_qualifiers,
	- ),
	- **_common_metadata_fields,
	- )
	-
	# SWHID type doesn't match the expected type of this context key
	with pytest.raises(
	ValueError, match="Expected SWHID type 'release', got 'content'"
	):
	RawExtrinsicMetadata(
	target=_content_swhid,
	- release=SWHID(
	- object_type="content",
	- object_id="94a9ed024d3859793618152ea559a168bbcbb5e2",
	- ),
	+ release=CoreSWHID(object_type=ObjectType.CONTENT, object_id=EXAMPLE_HASH,),
	**_common_metadata_fields,
	)


	def test_metadata_validate_context_revision():
	"""Checks validation of RawExtrinsicMetadata.revision."""

	# Origins can't have a 'revision' context
	with pytest.raises(
	ValueError, match="Unexpected 'revision' context for origin object"
	):
	RawExtrinsicMetadata(
	target=_origin_swhid,
	- revision=SWHID(
	- object_type="revision",
	- object_id="94a9ed024d3859793618152ea559a168bbcbb5e2",
	+ revision=CoreSWHID(
	+ object_type=ObjectType.REVISION, object_id=EXAMPLE_HASH,
	),
	**_common_metadata_fields,
	)

	# but content can
	RawExtrinsicMetadata(
	target=_content_swhid,
	- revision=SWHID(
	- object_type="revision", object_id="94a9ed024d3859793618152ea559a168bbcbb5e2"
	- ),
	+ revision=CoreSWHID(object_type=ObjectType.REVISION, object_id=EXAMPLE_HASH),
	**_common_metadata_fields,
	)

	- # Non-core SWHID
	- with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Expected core SWHID"):
	- RawExtrinsicMetadata(
	- target=_content_swhid,
	- revision=SWHID(
	- object_type="revision",
	- object_id="94a9ed024d3859793618152ea559a168bbcbb5e2",
	- metadata=_dummy_qualifiers,
	- ),
	- **_common_metadata_fields,
	- )
	-
	# SWHID type doesn't match the expected type of this context key
	with pytest.raises(
	ValueError, match="Expected SWHID type 'revision', got 'content'"
	):
	RawExtrinsicMetadata(
	target=_content_swhid,
	- revision=SWHID(
	- object_type="content",
	- object_id="94a9ed024d3859793618152ea559a168bbcbb5e2",
	- ),
	+ revision=CoreSWHID(object_type=ObjectType.CONTENT, object_id=EXAMPLE_HASH,),
	**_common_metadata_fields,
	)


	def test_metadata_validate_context_path():
	"""Checks validation of RawExtrinsicMetadata.path."""

	# Origins can't have a 'path' context
	with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Unexpected 'path' context for origin object"):
	RawExtrinsicMetadata(
	target=_origin_swhid, path=b"/foo/bar", **_common_metadata_fields,
	)

	# but content can
	RawExtrinsicMetadata(
	target=_content_swhid, path=b"/foo/bar", **_common_metadata_fields,
	)


	def test_metadata_validate_context_directory():
	"""Checks validation of RawExtrinsicMetadata.directory."""

	# Origins can't have a 'directory' context
	with pytest.raises(
	ValueError, match="Unexpected 'directory' context for origin object"
	):
	RawExtrinsicMetadata(
	target=_origin_swhid,
	- directory=SWHID(
	- object_type="directory",
	- object_id="94a9ed024d3859793618152ea559a168bbcbb5e2",
	+ directory=CoreSWHID(
	+ object_type=ObjectType.DIRECTORY, object_id=EXAMPLE_HASH,
	),
	**_common_metadata_fields,
	)

	# but content can
	RawExtrinsicMetadata(
	target=_content_swhid,
	- directory=SWHID(
	- object_type="directory",
	- object_id="94a9ed024d3859793618152ea559a168bbcbb5e2",
	- ),
	+ directory=CoreSWHID(object_type=ObjectType.DIRECTORY, object_id=EXAMPLE_HASH,),
	**_common_metadata_fields,
	)

	- # Non-core SWHID
	- with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Expected core SWHID"):
	- RawExtrinsicMetadata(
	- target=_content_swhid,
	- directory=SWHID(
	- object_type="directory",
	- object_id="94a9ed024d3859793618152ea559a168bbcbb5e2",
	- metadata=_dummy_qualifiers,
	- ),
	- **_common_metadata_fields,
	- )
	-
	# SWHID type doesn't match the expected type of this context key
	with pytest.raises(
	ValueError, match="Expected SWHID type 'directory', got 'content'"
	):
	RawExtrinsicMetadata(
	target=_content_swhid,
	- directory=SWHID(
	- object_type="content",
	- object_id="94a9ed024d3859793618152ea559a168bbcbb5e2",
	+ directory=CoreSWHID(
	+ object_type=ObjectType.CONTENT, object_id=EXAMPLE_HASH,
	),
	**_common_metadata_fields,
	)

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