# repo.py -- For dealing with git repositories. # Copyright (C) 2007 James Westby # Copyright (C) 2008-2013 Jelmer Vernooij # # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or # modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License # as published by the Free Software Foundation; version 2 # of the License or (at your option) any later version of # the License. # # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the # GNU General Public License for more details. # # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License # along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software # Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, # MA 02110-1301, USA. """Repository access. This module contains the base class for git repositories (BaseRepo) and an implementation which uses a repository on local disk (Repo). """ from cStringIO import StringIO import errno import os from dulwich.errors import ( NoIndexPresent, NotBlobError, NotCommitError, NotGitRepository, NotTreeError, NotTagError, CommitError, RefFormatError, HookError, ) from dulwich.file import ( GitFile, ) from dulwich.object_store import ( DiskObjectStore, MemoryObjectStore, ObjectStoreGraphWalker, ) from dulwich.objects import ( check_hexsha, Blob, Commit, ShaFile, Tag, Tree, ) from dulwich.hooks import ( PreCommitShellHook, PostCommitShellHook, CommitMsgShellHook, ) from dulwich.refs import ( check_ref_format, RefsContainer, DictRefsContainer, InfoRefsContainer, DiskRefsContainer, read_packed_refs, read_packed_refs_with_peeled, write_packed_refs, SYMREF, ) import warnings OBJECTDIR = 'objects' REFSDIR = 'refs' REFSDIR_TAGS = 'tags' REFSDIR_HEADS = 'heads' INDEX_FILENAME = "index" BASE_DIRECTORIES = [ ["branches"], [REFSDIR], [REFSDIR, REFSDIR_TAGS], [REFSDIR, REFSDIR_HEADS], ["hooks"], ["info"] ] def parse_graftpoints(graftpoints): """Convert a list of graftpoints into a dict :param graftpoints: Iterator of graftpoint lines Each line is formatted as: []* Resulting dictionary is: : [*] https://git.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/GraftPoint """ grafts = {} for l in graftpoints: raw_graft = l.split(None, 1) commit = raw_graft[0] if len(raw_graft) == 2: parents = raw_graft[1].split() else: parents = [] for sha in [commit] + parents: check_hexsha(sha, 'Invalid graftpoint') grafts[commit] = parents return grafts def serialize_graftpoints(graftpoints): """Convert a dictionary of grafts into string The graft dictionary is: : [*] Each line is formatted as: []* https://git.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/GraftPoint """ graft_lines = [] for commit, parents in graftpoints.iteritems(): if parents: graft_lines.append('%s %s' % (commit, ' '.join(parents))) else: graft_lines.append(commit) return '\n'.join(graft_lines) class BaseRepo(object): """Base class for a git repository. :ivar object_store: Dictionary-like object for accessing the objects :ivar refs: Dictionary-like object with the refs in this repository """ def __init__(self, object_store, refs): """Open a repository. This shouldn't be called directly, but rather through one of the base classes, such as MemoryRepo or Repo. :param object_store: Object store to use :param refs: Refs container to use """ self.object_store = object_store self.refs = refs self._graftpoints = {} self.hooks = {} def _init_files(self, bare): """Initialize a default set of named files.""" from dulwich.config import ConfigFile self._put_named_file('description', "Unnamed repository") f = StringIO() cf = ConfigFile() cf.set("core", "repositoryformatversion", "0") cf.set("core", "filemode", "true") cf.set("core", "bare", str(bare).lower()) cf.set("core", "logallrefupdates", "true") cf.write_to_file(f) self._put_named_file('config', f.getvalue()) self._put_named_file(os.path.join('info', 'exclude'), '') def get_named_file(self, path): """Get a file from the control dir with a specific name. Although the filename should be interpreted as a filename relative to the control dir in a disk-based Repo, the object returned need not be pointing to a file in that location. :param path: The path to the file, relative to the control dir. :return: An open file object, or None if the file does not exist. """ raise NotImplementedError(self.get_named_file) def _put_named_file(self, path, contents): """Write a file to the control dir with the given name and contents. :param path: The path to the file, relative to the control dir. :param contents: A string to write to the file. """ raise NotImplementedError(self._put_named_file) def open_index(self): """Open the index for this repository. :raise NoIndexPresent: If no index is present :return: The matching `Index` """ raise NotImplementedError(self.open_index) def fetch(self, target, determine_wants=None, progress=None): """Fetch objects into another repository. :param target: The target repository :param determine_wants: Optional function to determine what refs to fetch. :param progress: Optional progress function :return: The local refs """ if determine_wants is None: determine_wants = target.object_store.determine_wants_all target.object_store.add_objects( self.fetch_objects(determine_wants, target.get_graph_walker(), progress)) return self.get_refs() def fetch_objects(self, determine_wants, graph_walker, progress, get_tagged=None): """Fetch the missing objects required for a set of revisions. :param determine_wants: Function that takes a dictionary with heads and returns the list of heads to fetch. :param graph_walker: Object that can iterate over the list of revisions to fetch and has an "ack" method that will be called to acknowledge that a revision is present. :param progress: Simple progress function that will be called with updated progress strings. :param get_tagged: Function that returns a dict of pointed-to sha -> tag sha for including tags. :return: iterator over objects, with __len__ implemented """ wants = determine_wants(self.get_refs()) if type(wants) is not list: raise TypeError("determine_wants() did not return a list") shallows = getattr(graph_walker, 'shallow', frozenset()) unshallows = getattr(graph_walker, 'unshallow', frozenset()) if wants == []: # TODO(dborowitz): find a way to short-circuit that doesn't change # this interface. if shallows or unshallows: # Do not send a pack in shallow short-circuit path return None return [] haves = self.object_store.find_common_revisions(graph_walker) # Deal with shallow requests separately because the haves do # not reflect what objects are missing if shallows or unshallows: haves = [] # TODO: filter the haves commits from iter_shas. # the specific commits aren't missing. def get_parents(commit): if commit.id in shallows: return [] return self.get_parents(commit.id, commit) return self.object_store.iter_shas( self.object_store.find_missing_objects( haves, wants, progress, get_tagged, get_parents=get_parents)) def get_graph_walker(self, heads=None): """Retrieve a graph walker. A graph walker is used by a remote repository (or proxy) to find out which objects are present in this repository. :param heads: Repository heads to use (optional) :return: A graph walker object """ if heads is None: heads = self.refs.as_dict('refs/heads').values() return ObjectStoreGraphWalker(heads, self.get_parents) def get_refs(self): """Get dictionary with all refs. :return: A ``dict`` mapping ref names to SHA1s """ return self.refs.as_dict() def head(self): """Return the SHA1 pointed at by HEAD.""" return self.refs['HEAD'] def _get_object(self, sha, cls): assert len(sha) in (20, 40) ret = self.get_object(sha) if not isinstance(ret, cls): if cls is Commit: raise NotCommitError(ret) elif cls is Blob: raise NotBlobError(ret) elif cls is Tree: raise NotTreeError(ret) elif cls is Tag: raise NotTagError(ret) else: raise Exception("Type invalid: %r != %r" % ( ret.type_name, cls.type_name)) return ret def get_object(self, sha): """Retrieve the object with the specified SHA. :param sha: SHA to retrieve :return: A ShaFile object :raise KeyError: when the object can not be found """ return self.object_store[sha] def get_parents(self, sha, commit=None): """Retrieve the parents of a specific commit. If the specific commit is a graftpoint, the graft parents will be returned instead. :param sha: SHA of the commit for which to retrieve the parents :param commit: Optional commit matching the sha :return: List of parents """ try: return self._graftpoints[sha] except KeyError: if commit is None: commit = self[sha] return commit.parents def get_config(self): """Retrieve the config object. :return: `ConfigFile` object for the ``.git/config`` file. """ raise NotImplementedError(self.get_config) def get_description(self): """Retrieve the description for this repository. :return: String with the description of the repository as set by the user. """ raise NotImplementedError(self.get_description) def set_description(self, description): """Set the description for this repository. :param description: Text to set as description for this repository. """ raise NotImplementedError(self.set_description) def get_config_stack(self): """Return a config stack for this repository. This stack accesses the configuration for both this repository itself (.git/config) and the global configuration, which usually lives in ~/.gitconfig. :return: `Config` instance for this repository """ from dulwich.config import StackedConfig backends = [self.get_config()] + StackedConfig.default_backends() return StackedConfig(backends, writable=backends[0]) def get_peeled(self, ref): """Get the peeled value of a ref. :param ref: The refname to peel. :return: The fully-peeled SHA1 of a tag object, after peeling all intermediate tags; if the original ref does not point to a tag, this will equal the original SHA1. """ cached = self.refs.get_peeled(ref) if cached is not None: return cached return self.object_store.peel_sha(self.refs[ref]).id def get_walker(self, include=None, *args, **kwargs): """Obtain a walker for this repository. :param include: Iterable of SHAs of commits to include along with their ancestors. Defaults to [HEAD] :param exclude: Iterable of SHAs of commits to exclude along with their ancestors, overriding includes. :param order: ORDER_* constant specifying the order of results. Anything other than ORDER_DATE may result in O(n) memory usage. :param reverse: If True, reverse the order of output, requiring O(n) memory. :param max_entries: The maximum number of entries to yield, or None for no limit. :param paths: Iterable of file or subtree paths to show entries for. :param rename_detector: diff.RenameDetector object for detecting renames. :param follow: If True, follow path across renames/copies. Forces a default rename_detector. :param since: Timestamp to list commits after. :param until: Timestamp to list commits before. :param queue_cls: A class to use for a queue of commits, supporting the iterator protocol. The constructor takes a single argument, the Walker. :return: A `Walker` object """ from dulwich.walk import Walker if include is None: include = [self.head()] if isinstance(include, str): include = [include] kwargs['get_parents'] = lambda commit: self.get_parents(commit.id, commit) return Walker(self.object_store, include, *args, **kwargs) def __getitem__(self, name): """Retrieve a Git object by SHA1 or ref. :param name: A Git object SHA1 or a ref name :return: A `ShaFile` object, such as a Commit or Blob :raise KeyError: when the specified ref or object does not exist """ if type(name) != str: raise TypeError("'name' must be bytestring, not %.80s" % type(name).__name__) if len(name) in (20, 40): try: return self.object_store[name] except (KeyError, ValueError): pass try: return self.object_store[self.refs[name]] except RefFormatError: raise KeyError(name) def __contains__(self, name): """Check if a specific Git object or ref is present. :param name: Git object SHA1 or ref name """ if len(name) in (20, 40): return name in self.object_store or name in self.refs else: return name in self.refs def __setitem__(self, name, value): """Set a ref. :param name: ref name :param value: Ref value - either a ShaFile object, or a hex sha """ if name.startswith("refs/") or name == "HEAD": if isinstance(value, ShaFile): self.refs[name] = value.id elif isinstance(value, str): self.refs[name] = value else: raise TypeError(value) else: raise ValueError(name) def __delitem__(self, name): """Remove a ref. :param name: Name of the ref to remove """ if name.startswith("refs/") or name == "HEAD": del self.refs[name] else: raise ValueError(name) def _get_user_identity(self): """Determine the identity to use for new commits. """ config = self.get_config_stack() return "%s <%s>" % ( config.get(("user", ), "name"), config.get(("user", ), "email")) def _add_graftpoints(self, updated_graftpoints): """Add or modify graftpoints :param updated_graftpoints: Dict of commit shas to list of parent shas """ # Simple validation for commit, parents in updated_graftpoints.iteritems(): for sha in [commit] + parents: check_hexsha(sha, 'Invalid graftpoint') self._graftpoints.update(updated_graftpoints) def _remove_graftpoints(self, to_remove=[]): """Remove graftpoints :param to_remove: List of commit shas """ for sha in to_remove: del self._graftpoints[sha] def do_commit(self, message=None, committer=None, author=None, commit_timestamp=None, commit_timezone=None, author_timestamp=None, author_timezone=None, tree=None, encoding=None, ref='HEAD', merge_heads=None): """Create a new commit. :param message: Commit message :param committer: Committer fullname :param author: Author fullname (defaults to committer) :param commit_timestamp: Commit timestamp (defaults to now) :param commit_timezone: Commit timestamp timezone (defaults to GMT) :param author_timestamp: Author timestamp (defaults to commit timestamp) :param author_timezone: Author timestamp timezone (defaults to commit timestamp timezone) :param tree: SHA1 of the tree root to use (if not specified the current index will be committed). :param encoding: Encoding :param ref: Optional ref to commit to (defaults to current branch) :param merge_heads: Merge heads (defaults to .git/MERGE_HEADS) :return: New commit SHA1 """ import time c = Commit() if tree is None: index = self.open_index() c.tree = index.commit(self.object_store) else: if len(tree) != 40: raise ValueError("tree must be a 40-byte hex sha string") c.tree = tree try: self.hooks['pre-commit'].execute() except HookError, e: raise CommitError(e) except KeyError: # no hook defined, silent fallthrough pass if merge_heads is None: # FIXME: Read merge heads from .git/MERGE_HEADS merge_heads = [] if committer is None: # FIXME: Support GIT_COMMITTER_NAME/GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL environment # variables committer = self._get_user_identity() c.committer = committer if commit_timestamp is None: # FIXME: Support GIT_COMMITTER_DATE environment variable commit_timestamp = time.time() c.commit_time = int(commit_timestamp) if commit_timezone is None: # FIXME: Use current user timezone rather than UTC commit_timezone = 0 c.commit_timezone = commit_timezone if author is None: # FIXME: Support GIT_AUTHOR_NAME/GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL environment # variables author = committer c.author = author if author_timestamp is None: # FIXME: Support GIT_AUTHOR_DATE environment variable author_timestamp = commit_timestamp c.author_time = int(author_timestamp) if author_timezone is None: author_timezone = commit_timezone c.author_timezone = author_timezone if encoding is not None: c.encoding = encoding if message is None: # FIXME: Try to read commit message from .git/MERGE_MSG raise ValueError("No commit message specified") try: c.message = self.hooks['commit-msg'].execute(message) if c.message is None: c.message = message except HookError, e: raise CommitError(e) except KeyError: # no hook defined, message not modified c.message = message if ref is None: # Create a dangling commit c.parents = merge_heads self.object_store.add_object(c) else: try: old_head = self.refs[ref] c.parents = [old_head] + merge_heads self.object_store.add_object(c) ok = self.refs.set_if_equals(ref, old_head, c.id) except KeyError: c.parents = merge_heads self.object_store.add_object(c) ok = self.refs.add_if_new(ref, c.id) if not ok: # Fail if the atomic compare-and-swap failed, leaving the commit and # all its objects as garbage. raise CommitError("%s changed during commit" % (ref,)) try: self.hooks['post-commit'].execute() except HookError, e: # silent failure warnings.warn("post-commit hook failed: %s" % e, UserWarning) except KeyError: # no hook defined, silent fallthrough pass return c.id class Repo(BaseRepo): """A git repository backed by local disk. To open an existing repository, call the contructor with the path of the repository. To create a new repository, use the Repo.init class method. """ def __init__(self, root): if os.path.isdir(os.path.join(root, ".git", OBJECTDIR)): self.bare = False self._controldir = os.path.join(root, ".git") elif (os.path.isdir(os.path.join(root, OBJECTDIR)) and os.path.isdir(os.path.join(root, REFSDIR))): self.bare = True self._controldir = root elif (os.path.isfile(os.path.join(root, ".git"))): import re f = open(os.path.join(root, ".git"), 'r') try: _, path = re.match('(gitdir: )(.+$)', f.read()).groups() finally: f.close() self.bare = False self._controldir = os.path.join(root, path) else: raise NotGitRepository( "No git repository was found at %(path)s" % dict(path=root) ) self.path = root object_store = DiskObjectStore(os.path.join(self.controldir(), OBJECTDIR)) refs = DiskRefsContainer(self.controldir()) BaseRepo.__init__(self, object_store, refs) self._graftpoints = {} graft_file = self.get_named_file(os.path.join("info", "grafts")) if graft_file: self._graftpoints.update(parse_graftpoints(graft_file)) graft_file = self.get_named_file("shallow") if graft_file: self._graftpoints.update(parse_graftpoints(graft_file)) self.hooks['pre-commit'] = PreCommitShellHook(self.controldir()) self.hooks['commit-msg'] = CommitMsgShellHook(self.controldir()) self.hooks['post-commit'] = PostCommitShellHook(self.controldir()) def controldir(self): """Return the path of the control directory.""" return self._controldir def _put_named_file(self, path, contents): """Write a file to the control dir with the given name and contents. :param path: The path to the file, relative to the control dir. :param contents: A string to write to the file. """ path = path.lstrip(os.path.sep) f = GitFile(os.path.join(self.controldir(), path), 'wb') try: f.write(contents) finally: f.close() def get_named_file(self, path): """Get a file from the control dir with a specific name. Although the filename should be interpreted as a filename relative to the control dir in a disk-based Repo, the object returned need not be pointing to a file in that location. :param path: The path to the file, relative to the control dir. :return: An open file object, or None if the file does not exist. """ # TODO(dborowitz): sanitize filenames, since this is used directly by # the dumb web serving code. path = path.lstrip(os.path.sep) try: return open(os.path.join(self.controldir(), path), 'rb') except (IOError, OSError), e: if e.errno == errno.ENOENT: return None raise def index_path(self): """Return path to the index file.""" return os.path.join(self.controldir(), INDEX_FILENAME) def open_index(self): """Open the index for this repository. :raise NoIndexPresent: If no index is present :return: The matching `Index` """ from dulwich.index import Index if not self.has_index(): raise NoIndexPresent() return Index(self.index_path()) def has_index(self): """Check if an index is present.""" # Bare repos must never have index files; non-bare repos may have a # missing index file, which is treated as empty. return not self.bare def stage(self, paths): """Stage a set of paths. :param paths: List of paths, relative to the repository path """ if isinstance(paths, basestring): paths = [paths] from dulwich.index import index_entry_from_stat index = self.open_index() for path in paths: full_path = os.path.join(self.path, path) try: st = os.stat(full_path) except OSError: # File no longer exists try: del index[path] except KeyError: pass # already removed else: blob = Blob() f = open(full_path, 'rb') try: blob.data = f.read() finally: f.close() self.object_store.add_object(blob) index[path] = index_entry_from_stat(st, blob.id, 0) index.write() def clone(self, target_path, mkdir=True, bare=False, origin="origin"): """Clone this repository. :param target_path: Target path :param mkdir: Create the target directory :param bare: Whether to create a bare repository :param origin: Base name for refs in target repository cloned from this repository :return: Created repository as `Repo` """ if not bare: target = self.init(target_path, mkdir=mkdir) else: target = self.init_bare(target_path) self.fetch(target) target.refs.import_refs( 'refs/remotes/' + origin, self.refs.as_dict('refs/heads')) target.refs.import_refs( 'refs/tags', self.refs.as_dict('refs/tags')) try: target.refs.add_if_new( 'refs/heads/master', self.refs['refs/heads/master']) except KeyError: pass # Update target head head, head_sha = self.refs._follow('HEAD') if head is not None and head_sha is not None: target.refs.set_symbolic_ref('HEAD', head) target['HEAD'] = head_sha if not bare: # Checkout HEAD to target dir target._build_tree() return target def _build_tree(self): from dulwich.index import build_index_from_tree config = self.get_config() honor_filemode = config.get_boolean('core', 'filemode', os.name != "nt") return build_index_from_tree(self.path, self.index_path(), self.object_store, self['HEAD'].tree, honor_filemode=honor_filemode) def get_config(self): """Retrieve the config object. :return: `ConfigFile` object for the ``.git/config`` file. """ from dulwich.config import ConfigFile path = os.path.join(self._controldir, 'config') try: return ConfigFile.from_path(path) except (IOError, OSError), e: if e.errno != errno.ENOENT: raise ret = ConfigFile() ret.path = path return ret def get_description(self): """Retrieve the description of this repository. :return: A string describing the repository or None. """ path = os.path.join(self._controldir, 'description') try: f = GitFile(path, 'rb') try: return f.read() finally: f.close() except (IOError, OSError), e: if e.errno != errno.ENOENT: raise return None def __repr__(self): return "" % self.path def set_description(self, description): """Set the description for this repository. :param description: Text to set as description for this repository. """ path = os.path.join(self._controldir, 'description') f = open(path, 'w') try: f.write(description) finally: f.close() @classmethod def _init_maybe_bare(cls, path, bare): for d in BASE_DIRECTORIES: os.mkdir(os.path.join(path, *d)) DiskObjectStore.init(os.path.join(path, OBJECTDIR)) ret = cls(path) ret.refs.set_symbolic_ref("HEAD", "refs/heads/master") ret._init_files(bare) return ret @classmethod def init(cls, path, mkdir=False): """Create a new repository. :param path: Path in which to create the repository :param mkdir: Whether to create the directory :return: `Repo` instance """ if mkdir: os.mkdir(path) controldir = os.path.join(path, ".git") os.mkdir(controldir) cls._init_maybe_bare(controldir, False) return cls(path) @classmethod def init_bare(cls, path): """Create a new bare repository. ``path`` should already exist and be an emty directory. :param path: Path to create bare repository in :return: a `Repo` instance """ return cls._init_maybe_bare(path, True) create = init_bare class MemoryRepo(BaseRepo): """Repo that stores refs, objects, and named files in memory. MemoryRepos are always bare: they have no working tree and no index, since those have a stronger dependency on the filesystem. """ def __init__(self): BaseRepo.__init__(self, MemoryObjectStore(), DictRefsContainer({})) self._named_files = {} self.bare = True def _put_named_file(self, path, contents): """Write a file to the control dir with the given name and contents. :param path: The path to the file, relative to the control dir. :param contents: A string to write to the file. """ self._named_files[path] = contents def get_named_file(self, path): """Get a file from the control dir with a specific name. Although the filename should be interpreted as a filename relative to the control dir in a disk-baked Repo, the object returned need not be pointing to a file in that location. :param path: The path to the file, relative to the control dir. :return: An open file object, or None if the file does not exist. """ contents = self._named_files.get(path, None) if contents is None: return None return StringIO(contents) def open_index(self): """Fail to open index for this repo, since it is bare. :raise NoIndexPresent: Raised when no index is present """ raise NoIndexPresent() def get_config(self): """Retrieve the config object. :return: `ConfigFile` object. """ from dulwich.config import ConfigFile return ConfigFile() def get_description(self): """Retrieve the repository description. This defaults to None, for no description. """ return None @classmethod def init_bare(cls, objects, refs): """Create a new bare repository in memory. :param objects: Objects for the new repository, as iterable :param refs: Refs as dictionary, mapping names to object SHA1s """ ret = cls() for obj in objects: ret.object_store.add_object(obj) for refname, sha in refs.iteritems(): ret.refs[refname] = sha ret._init_files(bare=True) return ret