diff --git a/swh/provenance/interface.py b/swh/provenance/interface.py
--- a/swh/provenance/interface.py
+++ b/swh/provenance/interface.py
@@ -249,6 +249,12 @@
         """Flush internal cache to the underlying `storage`."""
         ...
 
+    def flush_if_necessary(self) -> bool:
+        """Flush internal cache to the underlying `storage`, only if the cache is too big.
+        return true if the cache was flushed, false otherwise
+        """
+        ...
+
     def content_add_to_directory(
         self, directory: DirectoryEntry, blob: FileEntry, prefix: bytes
     ) -> None:
diff --git a/swh/provenance/origin.py b/swh/provenance/origin.py
--- a/swh/provenance/origin.py
+++ b/swh/provenance/origin.py
@@ -105,6 +105,12 @@
         LOGGER.debug("Adding revision to origin")
         provenance.revision_add_to_origin(origin, revision)
 
+        cache_flush_start = datetime.now()
+        if provenance.flush_if_necessary():
+            LOGGER.info(
+                "Intermediate cache flush in %s", (datetime.now() - cache_flush_start)
+            )
+
     end = datetime.now()
     LOGGER.info("Processed origin %s in %s", origin.url, (end - start))
 
diff --git a/swh/provenance/provenance.py b/swh/provenance/provenance.py
--- a/swh/provenance/provenance.py
+++ b/swh/provenance/provenance.py
@@ -80,6 +80,8 @@
 
 
 class Provenance:
+    MAX_CACHE_ELEMENTS = 100000
+
     def __init__(self, storage: ProvenanceStorageInterface) -> None:
         self.storage = storage
         self.cache = new_cache()
@@ -96,6 +98,36 @@
     ) -> None:
         self.close()
 
+    def _flush_limit_reached(self) -> bool:
+        return (
+            len(self.cache["content"]["data"]) > self.MAX_CACHE_ELEMENTS
+            or len(self.cache["directory"]["data"]) > self.MAX_CACHE_ELEMENTS
+            or len(self.cache["directory_flatten"]) > self.MAX_CACHE_ELEMENTS
+            or len(self.cache["revision"]["data"]) > self.MAX_CACHE_ELEMENTS
+            or len(self.cache["content_in_revision"]) > self.MAX_CACHE_ELEMENTS
+            or len(self.cache["content_in_directory"]) > self.MAX_CACHE_ELEMENTS
+            or len(self.cache["directory_in_revision"]) > self.MAX_CACHE_ELEMENTS
+            or len(self.cache["origin"]["data"]) > self.MAX_CACHE_ELEMENTS
+            or len(self.cache["revision_origin"]["data"]) > self.MAX_CACHE_ELEMENTS
+            or len(self.cache["revision_before_revision"]) > self.MAX_CACHE_ELEMENTS
+            or len(self.cache["revision_in_origin"]) > self.MAX_CACHE_ELEMENTS
+        )
+
+    def _get_cache_stats(self) -> Dict[str, int]:
+        return {
+            "content": len(self.cache["content"]["data"]),
+            "directory": len(self.cache["directory"]["data"]),
+            "directory_flatten": len(self.cache["directory_flatten"]),
+            "revision": len(self.cache["revision"]["data"]),
+            "content_in_revision": len(self.cache["content_in_revision"]),
+            "content_in_directory": len(self.cache["content_in_directory"]),
+            "directory_in_revision": len(self.cache["directory_in_revision"]),
+            "origin": len(self.cache["origin"]["data"]),
+            "revision_origin": len(self.cache["revision_origin"]["data"]),
+            "revision_before_revision": len(self.cache["revision_before_revision"]),
+            "revision_in_origin": len(self.cache["revision_in_origin"]),
+        }
+
     def clear_caches(self) -> None:
         self.cache = new_cache()
 
@@ -108,6 +140,15 @@
         self.flush_origin_revision_layer()
         self.clear_caches()
 
+    def flush_if_necessary(self) -> bool:
+        """Check if the number of cached information reached a limit and flush if yes"""
+        LOGGER.info("Cache stats: %s", self._get_cache_stats())
+        if self._flush_limit_reached():
+            self.flush()
+            return True
+        else:
+            return False
+
     @statsd.timed(
         metric=BACKEND_DURATION_METRIC, tags={"method": "flush_origin_revision"}
     )