diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -177,20 +177,53 @@
 
 ### Setup
 
-Vagrant and Virtualbox tools must be installed. On a debian based environment,
+
+Vagrant tools must be installed.
+
+```
+apt install vagrant nfs-kernel-server
+```
+
+Note: `nfs-kernel-server` is needed to export and share the local /tmp/puppet
+  to the vm
+
+Multiple provisioners exist. We will focus on 2 for now, virtualbox the default
+and libvirt for now (we had an history of using this one in the past).
+
+#### virtualbox
+
+On a debian based environment,
 [a specific debian repository must be configured](https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Linux_Downloads):
 
 ```
-apt install vagrant virtualbox-6.0 nfs-kernel-server linux-headers-$(uname --kernel-release)
+apt install virtualbox-6.0 linux-headers-$(uname --kernel-release)
 ```
 
 Note:
 - 2020-09-17 vagrant (buster) is not working with virtualbox 6.1, so we use
   `virtualbox-6.0`
-- `nfs-kernel-server` is needed to export and share the local /tmp/puppet to the
-  vm
 - `linux-headers` package is required for the vbox guest additions
 
+#### libvirt
+
+Already part of debian so:
+
+```
+apt install libvirt-daemon-system qemu-kvm vagrant=2.2.3+dfsg-1 vagrant-libvirt
+```
+
+Note:
+- Use the vagrant packaged packaged in debian stable (not hashicorp's)
+- Add your user to the libvirt group.
+
+```
+sudo usermod --append --groups libvirt `whoami`
+```
+
+```
+usermod -a -G libvirt $USER
+```
+
 ### Usage
 
 #### Prepare the puppet environment
@@ -232,6 +265,7 @@
 
 staging-webapp            running (virtualbox)
 staging-worker0           running (virtualbox)
+staging-deposit           not created (libvirt)
 prod-worker01             not created (virtualbox)
 test                      poweroff (virtualbox)
 
diff --git a/Vagrantfile b/Vagrantfile
--- a/Vagrantfile
+++ b/Vagrantfile
@@ -13,12 +13,17 @@
   "deployment" => "staging",
   "subnet" => "vagrant"
 }
+# used to define the local vm template path
+puppet_env_path=ENV["SWH_PUPPET_ENVIRONMENT_HOME"]
 
 # Images configuration
 $global_debian10_box = "debian10-20201006-0832"
 $global_debian10_box_url = "https://annex.softwareheritage.org/public/isos/virtualbox/debian/swh-debian-10.6-amd64-20201006-0832.box"
 # For local tests
 #$global_debian10_box_url = "file:///path/to/packer/builds/swh-debian-10.6-amd64-20201006-0832.box"
+# local configuration
+$local_debian10_qcow2 = "debian10-20201004-1105"
+$local_debian10_qcow2_url = "file://#{puppet_env_path}/packer/builds/swh-debian-10.6-amd64-20201004-1105.qcow2"
 
 Vagrant.configure("2") do |global_config|
   ################
@@ -223,4 +228,45 @@
       puppet.facter = puppet_default_facts
     end
   end
+
+  unless Vagrant.has_plugin?("libvirt")
+    $stderr.puts <<-MSG
+    vagrant-libvirt plugin is required for this.
+    To install: `$ sudo apt install vagrant-libvirt
+MSG
+    exit 1
+  end
+
+  global_config.vm.define :qemutest do |config|
+    config.ssh.insert_key = false
+
+    config.vm.box                     = $local_debian10_qcow2
+    config.vm.box_url                 = $local_debian10_qcow2_url
+    config.vm.hostname                = "test.softwareheritage.org"
+    config.vm.box_check_update        = false
+    config.vm.network   :private_network, ip: "10.168.98.30", netmask: "255.255.255.0"
+    config.vm.network   :private_network, ip: "10.168.99.30", netmask: "255.255.255.0"
+    config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 10030, host: 22
+
+    config.vm.synced_folder "/tmp/puppet/", "/tmp/puppet", type: 'nfs'
+    # ssl certificates share
+    config.vm.synced_folder "vagrant/le_certs", "/etc/puppet/le_certs", type: 'nfs'
+
+    config.vm.provider :libvirt do |provider|
+      provider.memory = 512
+      provider.cpus = 2
+      # local test run: https://github.com/vagrant-libvirt/vagrant-libvirt/issues/45
+      provider.driver = 'kvm'
+    end
+
+    config.vm.provision "puppet" do |puppet|
+      puppet.environment_path = "#{environment_path}"
+      puppet.environment = "#{environment}"
+      puppet.hiera_config_path = "#{puppet.environment_path}/#{puppet.environment}/hiera.yaml"
+      puppet.manifest_file = "#{manifest_file}"
+      puppet.manifests_path = "#{manifests_path}"
+      puppet.options = "#{puppet_options}"
+      puppet.facter = puppet_default_facts
+    end
+  end
 end
diff --git a/packer/scripts/post-install.sh b/packer/scripts/post-install.sh
--- a/packer/scripts/post-install.sh
+++ b/packer/scripts/post-install.sh
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
 
 apt-get update
-apt-get install -y man wget curl telnet net-tools dnsutils traceroute unbound
+apt-get install -y man wget curl telnet net-tools dnsutils traceroute unbound gpg
 
 ####
 # allow vagrant user to sudo to root without password